The Study On The Translation Process Of The Sutra For Humane Kings And Its Spreading Condition In Medieval China

The Sutra for Humane King was an influential sutra in the Medieval China,even the East Asia.It was translated four times in the history,which based on its sanskrit version.Although the text translated by Dharmaraksa(Zhu Fahu) and Paramārtha(Zhendi) had been lost in Tang Dynasty,according to varieties of historical sources,we can approximately confirm the date and location of every translation.The manuscripts of the Sutra for Humane King were excavated in Dunhuang and Turfan.The differences of prayers between local leaders in Dunhuang and Turfan can be seen by analyzing the postscript.The rulers of Gaochang Kingdom were much more eager for the state-protection use which was claimed in the text itself.In Tang Dynasty,the re-translation leading by Amoghavajra(Bukong) and the follow-up ceremonies pushed the sutra to an unprecedented level.Neighboring counties and regions such as Silla,Japan and Nanzhao,also effected by the enormous impact of this sutra in China.The imperial members believed in it a lot.