Comparative Study On Phonological Contact Of Gan Dialects Of Zixi And The Neighboring Districts

Zixi and the neighboring districts mainly refer to the Zixi, Jinxi,Lichuan,Nancheng and Guixi. While Guixi is a county-level city. All of the countries use the Gan dialect, however, both of them belongs to the area of Fuguang except the Guixi which is the part filed of Yingyi.The dialects of Zixi and the neighboring districts are the transition zones between Gan and Ke, moreover, the nature of the transitions is obvious.After the introductions of humanistic history and geographical situations of Zixi and the neighboring districts, making full use of the methods,for instance, normalization, classifying the speech by verb-object words or non, expounding the historic level and the internal phonological contact relationships, we determine the tone value and describe the disyllabic tone sandhi and clarify the structure hierarchies and the evolutionary relationships of each area.The value of Zixi and the neighboring districts as follows: “Yinping” of Zixi is 31; “Yangping” is 24;“Shangsheng” is 45; “Yinqu” is 53; “Yangqu” is 22; “Yinru” is 3; “Yangru” is 5. “Yinping” of Jinxi is 21;Yangping is 24; “Shangsheng” is 45; “Yinqu” is 53, Yangqu is 22, “Yinru” is 3, “Yangru” is 5. “Yinping”of Lichuan is 21; “Yangping” is 35; “Shangsheng” is 33; “Yinqu” is 41; “Yangqu” is 213; “Yinru” is 31;“Yangru” is 5. “Yinping” of Nancheng is 31; “Yangping” is 35; “Shangsheng” is 52; “Yinqu” is 32;“Yangqu” is 32; Rusheng is 5. “Yinping” of Guixi is 32; “Yangping” is 23; “Shangsheng” is 25; Qusheng is 52; “Rusheng” is 5.The categories of Zixi and the neighboring districts are 5 to 7,while the Rusheng of Nancheng is not divided to “Yin” and “Yang” and there are 6 categories. Besides, the “Qusheng” and“Rusheng” of Nancheng is not divided to “Yin” and “Yang” too and there are 5 categories.There are few changes of the tone sandhies of Zixi and neighboring counties. The type of the verb object phrase is mostly unchanged, however, there are some changes of the type of the non verb object and the back changes less than the front word.While, the common models of the tone sandhies are the type of primary, the displacement and class.The group of “Zhisan” and “Zhang” read to “t/t~h” is not the same historical levels of the group of Duan, the former reading to “t”is the subsequent results. The group of the “Zhier” and “Zhuang” read to“t”is not the same historical levels of the group of “Jing”, the former read to “t” is the subsequent results,and it is different to the group of “Duan” read to “t” in Min dialect. While,it also proves that the “Zhisan”and “Zhang” read to “t/t~h” is the subsequent results in directly.However,the initial consonants of the Tou and Ding is attribute to the language of Dongtai and the medial of “i”. Moreover, the evolution of the initial of the Lai like this,tha is, “r>?> l>?l>d/d?>d/d?(i)>t/t~h”. While, the initial of the word chase read to “k” is the effect of the “u”, which tone position is on the back. However, the initial consonants of the “Xiao”and “xia” read to “f”and the “Yu” read to “v” are due to the medial “u” and“i”.Except the “Shangsheng”, each tones of the Zixi and the neighboring districts are consistent ininternal:the tone shape of the “Yinping” is rising slightly,as same as the area of the “Fuguang”; The tone shape of the “Yangping” is moderate ring basically; There are huge difference in “Shangsheng” and it contains the high rising tone, high falling tone and the flat regulation; The tone shape of the “Yinqu” is high falling but the Nancheng which shape is low falling and Guixi that “Qusheng” is not divided to “Yin” and“Yang”; The tone value of the “Yinru” is 3 basically and some of the value become leisurely; The tone value of the “Yangru” is 5 basically except the Nancheng and Guixi which “Rusheng” is not divided to“Yin”and “Yang”. The tone of the Zixi and the neighboring districts is similar to the dialect Ke. For example:parts of the “Quanzhuo” and “Cizhuo Shang” are classified into “Yinping” and “Rusheng” is divided to “Yin” and “Yang”. Besides, the “Yinru” is lower than “Yangru”.The initial consonants of the Zixi and the neighboring districts are consistent in internal: the “tou” and“Ding” are read to “h” in most of the areas and the “Lai” is read to “t”, however, the group of the“Zhier” “Zhuang” “Jing” and the “Zhisan” “Zhang”are read to “t/t~h”. In addition, the initial consonants of the “Xiao” and “Xia” are read to “f”,which is similar to the dialect Ke, too.The study of the Gan Dialect of Zixi and neighboring districts is meaningful to the further researches of the interior phonological features of the areas in Gan dialect and the nature in transitions of the Gan and Ke dialects and the relationships between Gan and Ke dialects.