The Discussion Of The Interpretation Of The Function Words In Annotations Of The Functional Words’ Usages In Mozi

Mozi as a masterpiece, equals to Chinese history value of Mencius, Zhuangzi,Hanfeizi and other works. Annotations of the Functional Words’ Usages in Mozi of Xie Desan is the first use of modern linguistic theories in the classification of function words in Mozi, but still there are some problems worth discussing.The first chapter is the comprehensive description of the errors in Annotations of the Functional Words’Usages in Mozi.The first section discusses the problems of different standards of function words description.Different standards in description will inevitably cause confusion.On one hand,it considers that there are some real meanings in“(Yi)一、(Wu)亡、(Yi)已、(Bu)不",so it describes them;on the other hand,it is believed that there are also real meanings in"(Fan)凡、(Fang)方、(Jia)加、(Jian)见、(Gu)固、(Suo)所",but it describes nothing.In the second section,based on the first section,it analyses the error of confusing the ancient Chinese system and the modern Chinese system.The second chapter discusses the properties of some certain function words in five sections.The first section discusses the property of“Yi(以)”,it appears verb function,preposition function and conjunction function in different structures.However,there are some differences between the conjunction”Yi(以)”and the real conjunction“Er(而)”.In the second section,it studies the characteristics of“Yi(以)”in the structure of“He(何)Gu(故)Zhi(之)Yi(以)”.The characteristics of“Yi(以)”in the structure of“He(何)Gu(故)Zhi(之)Yi(以)”are both prepositions and verbs.When“Yi(以)”taken as a verb,the structure of“He(何)Gu(故)Zhi(之)Yi(以)”is similar to the structure of“N Zhi(之)V”.When“Yi(以)”taken as a preposition,the structure of“He(何)Gu(故)Zhi(之)Yi(以)”is similar to the structure of“Yi(以)N”.In the third section,it discusses the Word Classifications of“Er(而)”with Annotations of the Functional Words Usages in Mozi.According to Annotations of the Functional Words’Usages in Mozi,“Er(而)”in Mozi appears several usages.It is discussed about the usages as a referential word as“Ci(此)”,a copula as“Nai(乃)”,a quasi copula as“Ru(如)”,an adverb as“Nai(乃),Cai(才)”,the linkedfunctions of“Er(而)”and the relationships between words and idioms are discussed.All of the functions of“Er(而)”mentioned in Annotations of the Functional Words’Usages above are conjunctions.In the forth section,it discusses the classification of copula in interpretation of empty words in Mozi.Annotations of the Functional Words’Usages classified words like“Shi(是)、Ci(此)、Nai(乃)、Fei(非)、Er(而)、Ze(则)”as copula.According to the rule of the ancient Chinese and the examples in Mozi,“Shi(是)、Ci(此)“are classified as pronouns;”Nai(乃)、Fei(非)”are classified as adverbs;”Er(而)、Ze(则)”are classified as conjunctions.The last section researches the“He Ze(何则)”in ancient Chinese.“He Ze(何则)”is not the result of the change of the structure“…He(何)?Ze(则)…”and different from“He Zhe(何者)、He Ye(何也)、Ran Er(然而)、He Ru(何如)、He Ruo(何若)”.It is formed by class action of“He Ru(何如)、He Ruo(何若)”,and similar to the formation of“Ran Er(然而)”.The third chapter analyses the two productions of errors in Annotations of the Functional Words’ Usages. On one hand, there are a lot of errors in the master copy of Annotations of the Functional Words’ Usages; on the other hand, there are many wrong theories in the references of Annotations of the Functional Words’ Usages.According to the study above, there are much negative affects of immolated slaves,we should study function words based on their grammar functions.