Study On The Concept Of “Being”in Sartre’s Existentialism

Jean-paul Sartre(Jean- Paul Sartre, 1905-1980) is one of the most important philosopher in the 20 th century in France and the French atheism main representative of existentialism, one of the most active advocates of western socialism. Sartre, based on the study of Christian existentialism philosophy, abandoned the religious mysticism, and kierkegaard gore from Descartes began“modern subjective principle”inspired, and from Hegel’s self-consciousness to modify consciousness theory support. Through a critique of husserl’s intentionality theory as well as to the reference and development of heidegger’s ontology, Sartre, the existentialism was a big step forward.“Being”is the core of Sartre’s existential concept, is also of Sartre’s existential problems. Understanding Sartre’s existentialism theory, must to Sartre’s concept of “Being” has more in-depth understanding and research. Sartre’s existentialism “Being” of the concept can be understanding and the understanding from three aspects, first, the existence of ontology, there exists, there is not dependent on the independent existence of consciousness. The existence of the second, the existence of consciousness, consciousness is such an existence, it is absorbed by the existence, thoroughly into reality. The existence of intentionality and self consciousness are two basic characteristics of the existence of consciousness has subjective absoluteness. Third, the existence of the ideal, the ideal existence is the truth, that it will never be closed in the phenomenon, it is possible a flow phenomenon of absolute fact that the overall comfortable, ideal exists the phenomenon of super. There is the necessary condition to all phenomena; But only from the perspective of existence, cannot find the existence of consciousness, there is necessary but not sufficient condition of consciousness; Ideal can imagine there is consciousness, but consciousness is not the existence of the ideal, the ideal is the existence of the global existence of intention. In Sartre’s view, a life but there is two kinds of means, one is at home, the second is the existence. But people’s ultimate goal is to become of existence.“Being” and "freedom" is a pair of philosophical category. Freedom for the people, is the existence of a natural attribute, freedom is not a being, freedom is the existence of nothingness. People from birth is destined to be free, people’s existence is freedom. Human existence is relatively free, the person’s freedom is restricted by the external environment and social conditions. There is a will is the action people.