Local Autonomy Through The Perspective Of Constitutionalism

Taking Zhang Lan local self-government thought and practice as the main line, to explore the rule of local self-government through the perspective of constitutionalism is the main ideal of this paper.This essay is to summarize the mode which the government dealt with the relationship between the central and the local in Zhang Lan theories,and to draw lessons from the past.There are more than30000words in this paper, consisting of six parts.The first part is the introduction. The introduction tries to sort out the relation between local self-government and Constitutional government.There are inherent logic relation between local autonomy and Constitutional government. That is, on one hand, the constitutional government supplies the practice of local autonomy with implement effective security. on the other hand, the local self-government can promote the development and the perfection of Constitutional government. At the same time, the idea of local autonomy research of Zhang Lan is reviewed.The author observes that research of local autonomy is efficient, but the study of Mr Zhang Lan ideas of local autonomy is still in the blank.In the second part,This part tries to tell the main the reasons of the prosperity of local self-government in late Qing Dynasity and early Ming,to summarize the main characters of local self-government.That is,on one hand from the the structural conflict between the central and local, on the other hand from the impact of the western foreign autonomy thought. But the path is towads to the provincial autonomy.In the third part, on the basis of local self-government ideological trend at that time, Zhang Lan’s local autonomy theory is putting forward,in which people is the core idea.In this section, Zhang Lan focused on local politics in early years, and formulating his theory.He was against centralized despotism, supported provincial autonomy. The core of his thought is that people’s autonomy is priority to community’s autonomy.The forth part of the essay is to introduce "the outline of local autonomy in nanchong city" systematic, as the core practice of local autonomy. In the aspect of politics, he establish local self-government organizations,and claims that the judicial and administrative had been independent already.He was also advocated the autonomy of economy.Besides,he claimed that the local finance was the security of local self-government,or the autonomy is empty talk. Furthermore,he paid attention to the combination between industrial education and ordinary education.The fifth part Acomparition between Zhang Lan and Sun Zhongsan, ZhangJunmai, Shen Junru on local self-government ideology,who was the widest influence three at that time. The aim of this part is to not only find the difference between Zhang Lan and the three,but also catch the relationship between them, to provide the reference for the conclusion on the value of the thought of constitutional government.And the biggest difference betweet Zhang Lan and Sun Zhongsan is about direct civil rights.Zhang Lan advocates representative democracy, and the sun yat-sen advocated civil rights directly; the most influential theory of Zhang Junmai is the division of the relations between central and local. He advocated that all the limits of the autonomy between central and local governments should be list.Shen Junru and Zhang Lan, because they had the same experience,that is,studying in Japan,their thought on self-government was more similar,such as the dependence on local government, turning to new pursuit after finding the local government’s true plan, etc.The sixth part is conclusion.Summarying the value of Zhang Lan’s local autonomy thought in constitutional government is one part of the conclusion,at the same time, suming up his practice modes in the autonomy of local development is also included in this part,which he tried to explore in political, economic, cultural education, etc. And his practice in nanchong autonomy shows its local autonomy model has some merit,which is useful for China to seek the development of the central and the local.