Interactions Between Public Protests And The Governmental Response During The Soviet Russia And The Russian Federation Period (1985-2012)

This paper is subject on the interaction mode of public protests and governmentalresponses on the basis of investigating the dimensionality of the change of “public protests”and “governmental response” during the Soviet Russia and the Russian Federation period.The disintegration of Soviet Russia in the20thcentury has provided great background andmaterials for this study. The regime was mutating, codices were establishing, democracy wasperfecting, public protests were turning routine from violence, and the government was takingrelevant response, from extreme repression before the disintegration of the Soviet Russia topressure, leading and acceptance, towards the change of combat manner.There are six parts of this paper. Part One, advanced the hypothesis and subject of thisstudy, and summarized not only the study line but also the events, theories and literatures. PartTwo, reviewed the public protests during the Russian Empire period, and expounded theresponse manners of government. Part Three, stated and explained the public protests andgovernmental responses before the disintegration of the Soviet Russia, especially between1985and1991. Part Four, expatiated and deciphered the orientation, demands and characterof the public protests based on the strikes of workers during the Russian Federation period,and the government began to press and lead. Part Five, compared thepublic protests andgovernmental responses between the Soviet Russia period and the Russian Federation period,presented the mode of combats and responses, and the reasons for this change. Part Six,summed up this paper.Through comparison of the interaction modes of public protests and governmentalresponses before and after the integration of the Soviet Russia, it is concluded that the changeof the modes during the Soviet Russia and the Russian Federation period is matched with thedevelopment of social movement. The institutionalization and legalization of socialmovements were growing up in the Russian Federation, which validated the western socialmovement theory.