A Comparative Study On The Reforms Of The Communist Party And The Socialist Party Of Western Europe

The political parties in the modern sense as the political organization appeared after the human society entering the human capitalist society. Throughout the history of the political parties, it can be seen that the parties has been developing from the starting date.When dealing with the changes, reform seems to be the strategic choice for the political parties. There are some phenomena in the process of political reform: the ideology continues to fade; the policies develop in one direction; the activities tend to take joint; class foundation becomes expanded. Besides, confrontation among the political parties gradually disappears. Although the process of reform is different, there will be a direction of middle-tendency in the future.The party reform is the core of the paper studies, it focused on the situation after World War II. At the same time, the paper selects the communist party and socialist party of Western Europe as the research object. The paper chose four aspects to compare:ideology, policy advocacy, activities and class basis. Trying to analyze the general rules in the process of the party change. On the research methods, the paper mainly adopts the comparative analysis method. Trying to clarify the characteristics of the communist party and the socialist party of Western Europe in the process of comparison. The paper has six parts, the main contents as follows:The first chapter introduction explains the research background and significance of the topic, followed by the research review, introduces the present situation of domestic and foreign research. Finally is the research content and methods.The second chapter mainly introduces the basic theory of political change and the basic situation of the party reform in European. Including the concept of the party reform, the background and necessity. The last is the conclusion about the political change. This chapter mainly to grasp the party reform from the theoretical level.The third chapter is a comparative study on the ideology reform of the Communist Party and the Socialist Party of Western Europe. The paper discusses the process of the ideology reform change of two types of political parties. Although the Communist Party and the Socialist Party in Western Europe have a common origin, the theoretical foundation, the class nature and goals of the two are different.The fourth chapter is a comparative study on the policy adjustment of the Communist Party and the Socialist Party of Western Europe. In the process of the reform, the communist party and the socialist party emphasizes the maintenance of social justice, against the capitalist system, advocate mixed economy, At the same time, attaches great importance to the construction of inner-party democracy. The differences mainly reflects in the attitude of public ownership.The fifth chapter is a comparative study on the activities reform of the Communist Party and the Socialist Party of Western Europe. Both strengthen the joint with the other political parties, to compete for voters as the election party. The difference lies in the attitude to the right and the far-left parties.The sixth chapter is a comparative study on the class foundation reform of the Communist Party and the Socialist Party of Western Europe. The Communist Party and the Socialist Party are representative the benefits of the middle and lower people. Faced with difficulties and challenges in the development of the party. But the class foundation of the Socialist Party more extensive, the degree of concern for the middle class is also different.The Conclusion is a summary of the content of the front six chapters. The Social contradictions of the capitalist countries of Western Europe determines the political fate of the communist party and the socialist party. The Subjective initiative of the Party dealing with the objective environment changes related to the party’s survival and development. The direction of middle-tendency is the trend of today’s political transformation.