Research On Emergency Materials Distribution Problem In Sudden Natural Disasters Emergency Logistics

In recent years, China suffered a lot from natural disasters, such as earthquakeand tsunami, which caused huge property damage and casualties. The disaster areasrequire a large amount of emergency supplies in order to provide basic security topeople and guarantee the carrying out of rescue work, so emergency logistical supportis very important. As the key of emergency logistical support work, emergencymaterials distribution aims at realizing the optimal distribution of the limitedmaterials within the shortest time possible after natural disasters happened, sodeveloping practical distribution derision model system of emergency materials hasgreat significance on minimizing the loss caused by natural disasters.According to the characteristics of sudden natural disasters, the distribution ofemergency supplies was discussed in this paper based on demand forecast. The maincontents include the following aspects.⑴In this paper, the basic features and types of natural disaster weresummarized, to further clarify the research background.⑵Summary of basic theories relating to emergency logistics. The goal anddifferent phases of emergency logistics were introduced in this paper, as well as itselements; the characteristics of emergency logistics under sudden natural disasterswere summarized, and the characteristics, process and corresponding principles ofemergency materials distribution were further provided.⑶Study of emergency materials demand forecast. The main contents andcharacteristics of emergency materials are summarized, as well as the the predictionmethod of emergency materials demand. And an appropriate forecasting method isprovided according to the object of study in this paper: firstly finding similar casesbased on the theory of case-based reasoning and grey correlation degree analysis;then analyzing the demand of emergency materials with BP neural network. In thispaper, taking the data of Yushu earthquake as an example, the effectiveness of thisforecasting method was verified through simulation experiments.⑷Research on emergency materials distribution. Firstly, according to actualsituation and research before, a tertiary structure of the network for emergencylogistics materials is established, which include the distributing centers, dispatchcenters and affected sites; then related hypotheses are proposed according to thecharacteristics of the network, and a emergency material distribution model was established with the minimum total loss as a goal; finally, using the data of actualcases, the effectiveness and feasibility of the model was verified.