Collective Reconfiguration And Institution Optimization: On The Distributional Coalition In Transforming China

With the development of the market-oriented reforms, the distributional coalition, which is a product of non-institutionalized, has gained influence power in all aspects of politics, economy and society, and it has become a fact to be reckoned in China. Especially in recent years, the publications of power-distributional-coalition, monopoly coalitions and emerging regal groups have caused a public criticism. All these problems made the related issues of distributional coalitions become an urgent and to be solved objective reality.This paper argues that the first thing to do to solve this objective problem is to clarify the process of the generation and development of distributional coalitions. Therefore, the basic assumption of this paper is:the gradual process of institutional change in which the Market Economic System replaced the Planned Economic System was indeed the process of the generation of distributional coalitions, that is to say the distributional coalition is a sub-product of the institutional change. Then, this paper chooses collective as the starting point of the study, the institutional change as the basic analytical framework, and the Theory of Collective Action and Theory of Institutional Change as the theoretical basis, to demonstrate the assumption according to the logical structure of generation, development, influence and governance.Firstly, combined with the history of China’s economic institutional change, this study tries to build an analytical framework based on institutional change. In this framework, this paper describes the process as "Differentiation of Collective", in which the distributional coalition differentiates from the traditional large collective into a small group that has independent interest, and this paper compares the power structure and interest pattern during the transitional period to explore the basic reason that leads to the generation of distributional coalitions. Secondly, based on the point of social governance, this study synthetically analyzes the role of China’s distributional coalitions and their distributional activities in government and policies, economic development and society. Finally, based on the theoretical model of Mancur Olson’s marketing-augmenting government, this paper returns to the starting point of the analysis logic---collective and institution, proposing two prospects:on the one hand, building a government that emphasizes the encompassing interest and supporting hands to realize the rebuild of the collective; on the other hand, optimizing the governance of distributional coalitions on the institutional level to realize the rebuild of institution. And this study proposes to build a new collectivism which matches the market economy system to replace the traditional collectivism value.This study on China’s distributional coalitions is tentative, trying to deepen the understanding of them by introducing a new research point and a new analytical angle. However, this paper only introduces the process of the institutional change and distributional coalitions develop on the macro level, and roughly outlines the effects and prospects of the governance of distributional coalitions, which could not solve the complex realities brought by them, and which is clearly also the important proposition in the future scientific research in China.