The Research Of The Human Need Theory In Economic And Philosophical Manuscripts Of 1844

Since human existence, there is a need which accompanies with human. One can not survive and develop without the need. The concept of need is a very important aspect in Marxist philosophy, which is a starting point and core to examine and study human activities. This paper takes Marx’s “Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts of 1844”(hereinafter referred to as "Manuscript") as a model which analyzes and organizes the general theory, discusses the definition, type, nature and role of the need, points out that the need of workers and capitalists in a capitalist society has occurred alienation, and describes the ways and means to achieve the full need of human.The dissertation is divided into three parts. The first part describes Marx’s general discussion of the need in Manuscript, and briefly summarizes the definition, type, nature and role of the need. The second part focuses on the need of workers and capitalists. From the media of the implementation of the need----currency as a starting point, this dissertation specifically explores the alienation of the needs of both workers and capitalists under the influence of money where the need of workers focus on wages, and capitalists focus on profits, and notes the substances and performance which reflects the alienation of the need of the worker and capitalists. The third part describes the roots of the alienation of human needs and at the same time, points out the ways to achieve the full need of human. Moreover, it deeply analyzes the roots of the alienation of human needs in Manuscripts and clarifies the relationship between private ownership and the alienation of labor, and on this basis, points out the subjective and objective conditions to achieve the full need of human.