| In May 2014, the US Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency established a biotech office, aimed at transforming modern biological technology into military practical technolog y or products. During the Chinese two sessions in 2015, President Xi Jinping affirmed the mil itary representatives’ suggestion on "Strengthening National Biosafety Defense System const ruction combining the military and civilian society". By the two events above, we can sense t hat modern biotechnologies are being integrated into the global military reform. This study is based on this background, combining current export-oriented defense policy and military- ci vilian integrated development, to explain the biological threats and the countermeasures confr ont the army. The findings hope to play two roles: one is to point out the bio-safety threat whi ch the army could have underestimated; the other is to offer some accessible suggestions for t he proposal of "Strengthening National Biosafety Defense System construction combining th e military and civilian society‖.The general structure of this study is "Review of history- Analysis- Strategic judgment- Analysis of the problem- countermeasures". The main body of this thesis adopts a three- pa ragraph structure. The first part gives the concrete concept of military biosecurity; puts forwa rd three characteristics, that is foreign military biosafety keeps developing, our army starts pa ssive research and the catch-up budget is huge, by analyzing the development of military biosafety at home and abroad qualitatively; uses visualization tool, Cite Space, to analyze the mil itary biosafety-related papers in Wos database in the period of 2001-2014 qualitatively, to stu dy the data from cited journals, information origins, collaborative networks, research hotspots and research frontier. Finally we conclude three research frontiers: regional differences of ob jects, reversed explorations of research objectives and migrations of responding measures to wards origins and ends. In the second part, the causes of new threats are elaborated in the first place. Then, military biosecurity threats are divided into seven parts by subjective will and understanding, and are analyzed, demonstrated and risk-predicted respectively. The seven parts is natural foci of disease, the use of bio-aerosols, genetically modified products, synthetic biology, antibiotic abuse, transformation of pathogens and the ultimate genetic weapons. Finally, the subjective causes are concluded as lack of realization, interest bets between different groups and strategic plannings of hostile forces. In the third part, the background in which the army make countermeasures are described, following the key points that lies in military bio-safety construction, such as poor integration between military and civilian society, and lack of innovation. In the final place, six specific countermeasures are proposed combining the causes of the threats. They are: to establish an army-local authority integrated bio-security defense system, to enhance bio-threats vigilances of all military levels, to analyze all kinds of scientific and technological strategic information coordinately, to construct the foundation and platform of bio-control technology, to increase the investment of bio-control resources and innovations and to create a vibrant interdisciplinary personnel group.In the conclusion part, the theory of this research is put forward, the practical meaning is clarified, and the main innovations, such as the concept of biological safety, the introduction of data analysis and a new perspective to analyze threats, are illustrated. |
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