The Study Of Risk Identification And Prevention Of China’s Urban Management Service Outsourcing

Public service outsourcing in Western country has a long history. As early as in the 18 th and 19 th century, Britain had already had the public service outsourcing, which Got unprecedented development in the western country in the 1970 s. The area of public service outsourcing was also developed from the streets clean, waste management and other areas of the basic public services to the health care, energy supply and other areas of the high levels of public management. China’s public service outsourcing was introduced in the 1990 s. In recent years, files about public service outsourcing produced successively, that laid the policy foundation for the development of our country’s public service outsourcing. To support the national policy and improve service quality and efficiency, many local governments have turned to public service outsourcing. In terms of the practice of public service outsourcing, since the beginning of development, our country’s public service outsourcing has achieved rapid development, improved the service level and service quality and obtained the social approval. With the deepening development of the public service outsourcing in our country, the area of outsourcing also gradually extends to the urban management. At the same time, there are more and more problems and controversies, which are worthy of our attention and reflection.In 2007, as lack of law enforcement personnel, Shenzhen Baoan district Xixiang street began to try out urban management service outsourcing,(hereafter be shorted as urban management outsourcing) and signed《the comprehensive management service contract of the garden block》with Xinzirun property management company, whose period was 1 year, and it obtained good results in the early days. Other places in Shenzhen following "Xixiang model", emerged the crime of the urban management and illegal enforcement phenomenon. Gu Haojie with other 5 persons, the hired labourer of Jiangsu province Wuxi Xishan district city management inspected the city environmental hygiene in northeast pond street, happening to physical confrontation with Japanese goods shop owner. The urban management personnel locked the owner’s throat down to the ground, dragging and kicking him. Video exposure caused social uproar and strongly condemned. Visibly, urban management outsourcing will bring some risks, whose problems and controversies are worth our attention and reflection.Therefore, this paper with entrust-agent theory, transaction cost theory and incomplete contract theory, combined with China’s urban management service outsourcing cases, identifies the urban management outsourcing risk and analyzes risk causes, in order to innovate urban management outsourcing prevention mechanism。This paper is divided into six parts. The first part mainly introduces the research background and significance, research status in the domestic and overseas, research framework, research methods and possible innovations. The second part based on the economics, defines the conception of the public service outsourcing, the urban management outsourcing, risk identification and risk prevention, discussing about the limits of public service outsourcing and the difference between privatization and company cooperation; Based on contract theory, with the aid of contract theory’s three branches: entrust- agent theory’s information asymmetry, transaction cost theory’s outsourcing of asset specificity and the bounded rationality of incomplete contract theory, it can provide the corresponding theoretical with risk identification of urban management service outsourcing, cause of formation analysis and prevention mechanism design. The third part analyzes the background and reason of the rise of urban management outsourcing in China, introducing the field and results of urban management outsourcing. The fourth part focuses on the dynamic angle view of urban management outsourcing risk identification, including outsourcing decision-making stage, the implementation stage and evaluation stage of the outsourcing risk representation. The fifth part from the macroscopic and microscopic aspects in-depth analyzes urban management outsourcing causes of these risks. Through the analysis on the dynamic risk identification and the causes of urban management outsourcing, the last part respectively from the macro level and micro level tries to make some suggestions on the construction of urban management outsourcing risk prevention mechanism.Based on the study, this paper suggests from the aspects of macroscopic and microscopic to construct urban management outsourcing risk prevention mechanism. Firstly through perfecting the legal system, establishing new ideas of the urban management outsourcing it builds the mechanism of the macro level of urban management outsourcing, secondly by strengthening the internal management, standardizing the government contract design and outsourcing process, building agent selection mechanism, setting up outsourcing evaluation supervision system, establishing incentive and responsibility mechanism of micro-level mechanism building, it constructs urban management outsourcing prevention mechanism in the aspects.