Research On The Adjustment Effects Of Social Securityon Income Distribution

Income distribution and social security are inextricably bound up with national interests; they play an important role in maintaining economic and social coordinated development. More than 30 years of reform and opening-up, along with China’s rapid economic development, the income distribution gap is also widening. Unfair income distribution buried a hidden danger for the sustainable development. As a comprehensive means to regulate the income gap, an increasing number of government pay attention to the social security system, which takes the responsibility of adjusting income distribution. The first thing is to measuring the current adjusting effects of social security on income distribution when the social security is hoped to function adequately. The paper focus on this point, based on the actual situation of national social security and resident income during 2006-2013 to make a comprehensive analysis on the adjusting effects of social security on income distribution, in order to provide the basis for the improvement of our social security system and optimize the pattern of income distribution.Firstly, summarize the theories of income distribution and social security’s regulation of income distribution. Trace to its source, from economic, political and sociological perspectives, analyze and grasp related theory basis accurately. Revealing the basic theories of social security’s regulation of income distribution from two perspectives of Marx doctrine and the western economics.Secondly, analyze the mechanism of social security’s regulation of income distribution. Starting from the macroscopic view of Income distribution, expound the roles and functions of social security regulation in these three income distribution. And then reveal the essence of social security’s regulation of income distribution is transfer payments. Introduce two regulation types of fund revenue and expenditure, and financial payment, respectively. At last, describe two adjusting paths, the path of personal income distribution and the path of social income distribution.Thirdly, construct the measurement system.In order to measure and reflect the adjusting effects on social security income distribution comprehensively, this paper construct a measurement system combined with Gini coefficient and the influencing factors. On one hand, by comparing the change of Gini coefficient with and without social security expenditure, reflect the effects of adjustment macroscopically. On the other hand, combined with the factors which influence the effects of regulation, such as the coverage of social security, the financial investment, the mechanism of fund collection and payment, integration, portable and subjective satisfaction,etc. Adjustment effects can be studied from micro perspective.Fourthly, combine theoretical and empirical analysis, using the measurement system to analyze the official data in order to reflect the actual adjusting effects of social security on income distribution. Results show that after social assistance and social insurance fund expenditure, the Gini coefficient decreased, the social security has an obvious positive adjusting effects on income distribution. On this basis, combined with the analysis of influencing factors, a conclusion can be drawn that the positive effects is the results of the increasing coverage, more substantial capital and continuous improvement of related mechanism.Fifthly, analyze of the results of the study to put forward the development proposals. On the basis of theoretical and empirical analysis, summarize the current deficiencies of social security system in adjusting income distribution, including the uncompleted coverage of social security which limited the function scope of social security; the unbalanced development of social security lead to a "reverse regulation on income distribution"; the deficiencies in management mechanism make the adjustment effects weaken,etc. In order to improve the mechanism of social security’s regulation of income distribution, this paper put forward some countermeasures such as creating a favorable legal environment, increasing financial investment, extending the coverage of social security, improving the design of the system, promoting the process of integration, etc.