Research On The Problems Existing In Rural Community Autonomy And The Corresponding Countermeasures

Communities are the foundation of the society. And driving the modernization of social management through community autonomy is of great strategic significance to the realization of comprehensively deepening reform and opening up. Our country is a vast agricultural country, and according to the sixth population census, the population inhabiting in the countryside is more than 0.67 billion, accounting for 50.32% of the total population of our country. Rural communities are the communities for residents to live in, community residents committees are the autonomous organizations of grass-roots, and the development of rural communities has a direct relationship with the development and stability of our country. Since the third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party when the thought of village self-governance was put forward by the party in terms of grass-roots and rural management, the management system of primitive villages has been gradually replaced by rural communities. Coastal developed areas are the forerunners of the reform and opening-up policy, and among these areas, Dongguan City is a relatively advanced district, which pays much attention to rural grass-roots construction, and started to implement the "reform from villager committee to resident committee" in 2005, gradually transforming the original villager committees to community residents committees and converting village self-governance to community autonomy. Thus, rural community autonomy has become a great task of reality in the modernization of social management.This thesis, by the means of document research, investigation and case analysis, retrospects the research on the domestic community autonomy in the past; in particular, the thesis does a deep analysis on and a deep probe into the existing development of the rural community autonomy in Dongguan City, striving to grasp the problems existing in the rural community autonomy and the corresponding reasons, with an aim to offer optimizing countermeasures to the rural community autonomy of coastal developed areas and even of the whole country.Through research, it is found that some development has been gained in the rural community autonomy, but the problems existing in it are relatively prominent. First, rural communities have been over-administerized; second, the residents’ awareness of participation is not strong; third, rural communities lack in expenditure; fourth, the evaluation and promotion in rural communities are at the beck and call of the superior. The reasons for these problems are various, mainly lying in that there are too many Party affairs and government affairs, which impede autonomy, that villagers care only for their personal short-term benefits, that the legislation on rural community autonomy is imperfect,that there are obstacles in the management system of rural communities, etc.Aimed at the current situation of the rural community autonomy in Dongguan, this thesis puts forward that the construction of the rural community autonomy needs to be further strengthened. The basic ideas are as follows:First, national and local laws and regulations on communities need to be perfected; second, the relationship between the governments in villages and towns and rural communities needs to be handled properly; third, the quality of villagers needs to be improved, and their awareness of rights and liabilities needs to be strengthened; fourth, the check-up system and electoral system of rural communities need to be perfected. In addition, the principles of proceeding from the reality, keeping each section in its place, cooperation and joint development, and people first need to be followed. To improve the current situation of rural communities and promote the continuous development of our country’s rural community autonomy, some measures must be taken, mainly including:First, the law and policy on community autonomy of governments at all levels should be carried out; second, the government affairs in rural communities should be separated from the right of autonomy; third, villagers’ awareness of community autonomy should be strengthened; fourth, the consultation system in rural communities should be perfected; fifth, rural communities’ ability of tapping their own potentialities should be improved; sixth, the self-construction in rural communities should be strengthened, so as to reduce the dependence on the superior government.