Peasants’ Democratic Participation Under The Perspective Of The Villages’s Benefits Relevance

In China, the system of villagers’autonomy has over 30 years history from appearance to development. The grass roots autonomy, which is mainly based on the villagers’autonomy, has become one of the four major political systems in China. In the 2014 "Central First Document", it is presented clearly in the chapter of improving the villagers’self-governance that "in order to explore the effective form of villagers’ autonomy in different situations, both the pilot units of the rural community constructions and the places whose ownership of collective lands belongs to the villagers’groups can be developed into the pilot units of the villagers’autonomy, whose basic components are either the rural communities or the villagers’groups." This statement opened up a new horizon for the improvement and deepening of villagers’autonomy in China and put forward a new subject on the research of villagers’autonomy.As a historical process, the appearance and development of villagers’autonomy should be studied under a certain historical background. It is impossible to build a villagers-based rural governance system only relying on the top-down external forces. After the rustication of the political power and the political party, the villagers’autonomy, which is based on the villagers, is one of the inevitabilities of history. Interests are the foundation and core:different levels of interests relevance determine different interests communities and different interests communities determine different autonomous levels. Only in accordance with the ownership units which are closely related to the interests, the units of villagers’autonomy can work effectively and efficiently.Some villages are selected in this essay to show how external forces, such as the scenery spot exploitation, lead to the recombination of different interests groups among the villagers and how the different interests groups make different interest demands. In order to gain as many interests as possible, the awakening of democratic consciousness of villagers and the system of villagers’autonomy has presented a down-top development.