The Research Of Lenin’s Socialist Thoughts In His Later Years (1921-1924)

The socialist thoughts of Lenin in his later years, on the basis of the experience and lessons of the "war communism", with the combination of the basic principles of Marxism and the concrete practice of Russia, proposed on how to understand socialism and how to build socialism, is the highest achievement of Lenin’s exploration on socialist construction thoughts. In the spring of 1921, starting from the reality of Soviet Russia ,based on the critical inheritance about the theory of socialist construction, Lenin proposed a new economic policy, opening up a new model to explore the socialist construction, and forming a single distinctive socialist ideology of Lenin in his later years. This paper summarizes and analyzes the formation, basic content, the basic characteristics and its contemporary value of Lenin’s thoughts of socialism. The article is generally divided into four parts:The first part combs the formation basis of Lenin’s socialism thoughts in his later years. This paper first gave the definition of time orientation about Lenin’s later years and the contents of his socialist thoughts, combined with the background of his socialist ideology in this period, and then putting forward the formation basis of the theoretical and practical basis of the thoughts. The theoretical basis included that Lenin had inherited and developed the theory of scientific socialism, analyzed and transcend the Marx’s "Claudine Forks", and the criticized of the monopoly capitalism. The practical basis was derived from the analysis of the Russian economic and political crisis, the reflections on the defects of the wartime Communist and Lenin’s adjustment of economic policy.The second part is the analysis of the basic content of Lenin’s socialism thoughts in his later years, which can be summarized into three main aspects:the proposal and Implementation of the new economic policy as well as its significance; the new conception about Lenin’s theory of socialist construction, in terms of industrial and agricultural cooperation, the commodity economy and the socialist economic construction, the cultural revolution and the building of socialist spiritual civilization and political reform and socialist political construction, and so on; Lenin’s recognition of the socialist development road, including the new understanding of the new thinking about socialism’s essential characteristics, the transition to socialism, the enormity of the socialist development road.The third part summarizes the basic characteristics of Lenin’s socialism thoughts in his later years. Based on the comparison of Lenin’s early thought on socialist construction, the paper summed up with the basic characteristics of Lenin’s socialism thoughts in his later years from three aspects, revolving around the core of Lenin’s socialist ideology,the construction method and the construction path. The core of Lenin’s socialist thoughts in his later years is how to understand, construct and develop socialism in a backward country, and the focus is on the construction method and the way how to construct, and Lenin advocated the use of improved methods and circuitous transition way, to construct and develop the socialism.The forth part expounds the contemporary value of Lenin’s socialist thoughts in his later years. Through the careful analysis and research about Lenin’s socialist though in his later years, theoretically, we deeply realize that in a backward country with poor economy and culture, we must clarify the complexity and importance of the understanding of the essence of socialism, the particularity and diversity of the socialist construction and the arduous and long-term in the construction of a socialist country. Practically, Lenin ’s socialist thoughts in his later years provided important reference for us as to how to understand socialism and make socialist construction, how to make use of the commodity economy and the develop the socialism, how to draw lessons from capitalism and the perfect the socialist, in realizing the great rejuvenation of "Chinese dream".