Mutual Aid:the Social Basis Of Village Governance

With the development of market reform and urbanization, lots of farmers push into cities; rural labor force structure has been changed greatly traditional countryside structure is under the process of deconstruction.At the same time, a new kind of village governance is coming into being and the basis of this new mode is "villagers ’mutual aid".In our country, villagers’ mutual aid can release the bad situation of the lack of labor force and the pressure of governing elites, what’s more, the common fair that related to every villager can be done with the help of governing elites so that the agricultural work goes smoothly.villagers’ mutual aid, which began thirty years ago in rural society, goes forward with its scale and rule, promoting the establishment of village system and village governance.The study of this paper sets out to the theory analysis of villagers’ mutual aid and illustrations of villagers’ mutual aid groups, and holds the opinion that village governance is not a process of administration, and the point to under the village governance is the villagers’ mutual aid.Only with the model of village governance based on the villagers’mutual aid, can the new democratic governance mode have a long way to go under the guidance of the governing elites.The thesis regards Shima village in Hubei province as the case-study object and gains a large number of first-hand data through long-term field survey, case study, interview method and literature analysis. What’s more, the paper takes the the farmer behavior theory and politic theory as the instruction, mutual aid of farmers in tobacco cultivation process as the research object, and makes an in-depth study of the social basis of village governance. The present paper mainly focuses on the changes of village governance in Shima village after the establishment of the mutual-aid groups. As far as the author is concerned, mutual aid can enforce the connection between villagers and their hometown, and promote them to be willing to be governing elites and change the model of village governance. This paper finds an entry point for the village governance and provides some ideas for solving governance problems. The shortcomings of the the paper lie in the problems in the process of village governance. The paper only talks about the initiation of villagers’ mutual aid with no more introduction on how to make a choice on cooperation behaviors. So this is the point that is to be improved.