A Study On Chinese Government’s Public Crisis Management From The Perspective Of Proactive-oriented Overnment

This paper, from the perspective of predictive government theory, carries out a study on the management of the public crisis in China’s transition period together with such methods as literature analysis, case analysis, system analysis, comparative analysis and interdisciplinary research method.The predictive government is such a government which has high awareness of risk and crisis, focuses on the reduction of development cost and pays attention to the sustainable development. It is a new government form of governance, based on the theory of risky society, the new public management theory and new public service theory. This kind of government is characterized by the high risk awareness, the advanced public policy, the prevention and control of management system as well as the diversification of the main governance. These government ideas play important roles in promoting the innovation of China’s public crisis management, in advancing the public crisis management to pay more attention to the prevention and in improving the early warning mechanism for the crisis and the corresponding institutional mechanisms to deal with the crisis. In this way, the government, enterprises and social organizations can cooperate well with each other.At present, the Chinese government has made some achievements in the management of public crisis and its predictability has been upgraded, such as the rise of consciousness for early warning of crisis and the improvement of emergency plans; the positive change of government function and the perfection of emergency system; the high efficiency of the running of system and the completion of emergency mechanism; the construction of laws and regulations. But there are some problems, for instance, the imperfection of laws and regulations, the single subject of the management main body, the low participation levels of social forces, the poor risk assessment, the decrease of the government credibility, the deficient publicity and education, the lack of public awareness of crisis, the weak information publication, the poor response capacity of media and so forth. From the perspective of Kunming "3-01" violent terrorist cases, the government needs to further change the concept of management, pay attention to the prevention of public crisis, improve the early warning of crisis, open various channels to collect information, strengthen the prevention and control of public security, focus on the investigation in public places, carry out emergency drilling, enhance the police officers’ training of actual combat, strengthen the sense of crisis and develop the social public ability of risk, improve media literacy so as to be active in the solution to public opinions’ crisis.Nowadays, the western developed countries have accumulated a lot of experience in the construction of predictive government and in the management of public crisis. America, Japan, Britain and other countries’ experience tells us it is necessary for our country to construct such a predictive government by improving the laws and regulations, integrating social resources, strengthening the sense of crisis and enhancing the risk assessment.Overall, the predictive government in current China and its management of public crisis can be improved from the following aspects:the innovation of the idea of crisis management, the improvement of the relevant laws and regulations, the reinforce of cooperation among sectors, the completion of the management system, the strengthening of risk prevention, the advance of government foresight ability, the effective integration of emergency resources, the establishment of multiple management system, the conduction of crisis training, the cultivation of consciousness of crisis, the full use of the media to take its initiative to guide public opinion and so on.