The Research Of The Influence Of Declining Birth Rate On China’s Pension Security In Towns

Recently, with the rapid development of social development, the declining birth rate has become the new trend of many countries in terms of population and the social problem of declining birth rate has aroused the wide attention in the internat ional community. Entering the 21 st century, China’s population development has come to a new stage influenced by the policy and development. On the one hand, China’s birth rate declined and the overall population has been controlled efficiently. On the other hand, fewer and fewer babies were born and the declining birth rate intends to be a prominent social problem.As a kind of special recourse, human beings have made tremendous contribution in the aspect of China’s development regarding society and economy. In 1980 s, in the direction of family planning, the birth rate declined and the structure of age was in the population profit. Thus, the labor for economical increase was guaranteed and the economic development comes to a golden age. However, with the declining rate of the general birth rate, the population rate of teenagers and children declines year by year while the old increases year by year. That is to say, the declining birth rate has effect on aging. The age of both declining birth rate and aging pose a serious chal enge on how to deal with raising the old.Based on the inter association of C hina’s childbearing policy and old-age pension, the declining birth rate is taken as a view to analyze the old-age security in the city in this thesis. The adjustment of the policy of population has the influence on the babies’ population and will have influence on the age structure of population and the generation structure. In the process of the declining birth rate, the family structure and scale in towns take great changes. The ability of traditional old-age security declines. The old people account for much in social population, so the demand for old people rises, resulting in short pension and nursing homes. The society cannot afford the old people. Due to the family planning policy, the family economy and emotion are independent. The ability for old people to insure oneself is supposed to improve.Japan is one of the oldest countries to enter the declining birth rate. This trend, which means “low birth rate and persisting shortage of babies”, first appears in Japan’s White Paper on National Life, Over the years, faced with declined new generations and increased old people, as well as the serious of the declining birth rate, the Japanese government has undergone a long time research and practice in the policy- making of the declining birth rate, the support of subsidy and pension system. The achievement is remarkable. As a neighboring country, China’s declining birth rate has similarity with Japan in effect and cause. Analyzing Japan’s policy and strategy contributes great value to solving China’s problem. With China’s two-child policy, the inspiration could be gained from Japan’s solutions as following: First, the relevant laws and policies should be formulated to reinforce the social lead. In detail,revising Law on Population and Family Planning and the relevant laws and regulations to safeguard the two-child policy. Enacting perfect women employment protection policy to afford appropriate environment for the fe male. Increasing the subsidies of babies and children and establishing perfect infant social conservation policy system. Second, old-age security system which is wide, supportable, multi- layered and complementary should be established to enrich the old-age security to deal with the complex demand for aging. In the formulating and implementing the policy of population, only by exploring and improving the social guarantee model, especially old age social security mode, the special recourse-“human beings”can be taken as the biggest advantages in the population policy and more wealth could be created.Last, with the research and analyses in the declining birth rate and the profound thinking of future development of pension security for old people in towns, suggestions hereby put forward in three aspects: the country, the society, and individuals. This paves a way for pension security in towns under the background of the declining birth rate.