The Economic Analysis Of The Social Security System For The Aged-under Declining Birth And Demographic Aging

The declining birth and demographic aging of the population is an important problem in the development of modern society.Since Japan entered the aging society in the 1970 s,the trend of lower birthrate and aging has become more and more obvious,and the acceleration of development has in turn impact the social security system for the aged.This paper,based on the previous domestic and foreign studies on the demographic aging,lower birthrate and the social security system in Japan,on the basis of the theories of life cycle,public goods and "intergenerational equity",combining inductive reasoning and qualitative research,in which a large number of official documents and data from Ministry of Health Welfare and Labor,National Institute of Population and Social Security Research,Japan Pension Service,Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications and Cabinet Office and so on are cited,analyzes the development structure and basic characteristics of the social security system for the elderly in Japan,as well as the ways that lower birthrate and demographic aging affect the macro-economy through social security system,such as fiscal revenue and expenditure,labor supply and demand,household consumption and savings.The analysis results show that: the population with fewer children and more older people will directly or indirectly have a serious impact on the macro-economy through the social security system of the elderly.Fewer children will reduce the supply of labor and varieties of endowment insurance contributions;Aging population has increased the burden of social pension,resulting in the imbalance between the government's social security income and expenditure for the elderly,high employment costs for enterprises,and reduced disposable income for families.As the country with the largest population and the largest number of elderly people in the world,China's birth rate and the proportion of people over 65 years old are also on the decline and rise year by year respectively,these economic challenges are bound to arise.So in the last chapter,based on the above analysis results,this paper summarizes the problems about social security system for the aged and declining birth and demographic aging in China,which include backward construction of law and management system,the sustainability of basic endowment insurance,pension security system is not sound and revenue and expenditure pressure and so on.Taking Japan as a reference object,this paper analyzes the relevant effects in the action path,and draws lessons from the action path in combination with China's actual situation.At the policy level,it gives relevant enlightenment and suggestions on making perfect laws and strengthening the government's responsibility,building a mixed pension security system and encouraging multiple providers,improving the quality of national life and promoting the reemployment of the elderly.It is of great significance to absorb and summarize the experience and avoid repeating the same mistakes for improving the social security system and economic growth of the elderly in China.