The Research On Marx And Engels’s Ecological Critique Thought

As we all know, today the human society is increasingly caught in the "double dilemma" of natural ecological crisis and social ecological crisis, which has seriously impeded the development of society and the progress of civilization. To solve ecological problems and overcome adversity, we can not merely put vision on the environmental issues itself, but rather stand on the height of the theory, guided by the Marxist theory, correctly understand the essence of the global ecological crisis and the fundamental solution to the problem. Marx and Engels did not submit the concept of the "ecological criticism", however, there are many issues related to ecology in their writings.Marx and Engels’s ecological critique thought, on the one hand, is the critique and transcendence of previous natural views about "Biological Evolution", "Metabolism theory ", "Ancient Society theory ", "Population theory", idealism view of nature and old materialism view of nature, on the other hand, is a response to Western industrial civilization under the environmental issues. Marx and Engels revealed phenomena of the urban environment pollution from capitalist Industrial Revolution, the rural destruction from capital accumulation, and the deprivation of the laborer’s right to exist from dead capital. Furthermore, they analyzed the reasons for the conflict between man and nature of capitalist countries from the unreasonable application of science and technology, alienation of labor, material transform fault and capital logical four aspects, pointed out that the essence of all the problems was that the capitalist private ownership has serious ecological destruction. Therefore, in addition to solve the problem from remodeling the ecological ideas on the conscious level, purifying people’s minds which were contaminated by the "anti-ecological capital rational", but also eliminating the ecological constraints on the practical level, ending the history of Capital Logic domination of nature and human, liberating human nature, returning the right of "free and comprehensive development" for people, releasing positive energy of nature, and establishing a livable society-Communism that is suitable for the long-term development of human society and natural. In the face of the global crisis, Marx and Engels’s ecological critique thought can still play an important role. In theory, enrich and expand the Marxist critical theory and deepen people’s awareness about the anti-ecological of the capitalist system, and promote the transition from the industrial civilization to the ecological civilization; in practice, not only indicate the direction for the solution of global ecological crisis, but also provide theoretical guidance and operational guidelines for the construction of Chinese specified ecological civilization. However, with the development of the times, the theory shows some limitations more or less, there is a certain distance between the practical application of the theory and the final settlement of ecological crisis, and the applicability of the theory about the construction in the socialist countries is still be verified.