The Household Politics In Yunnan During The Period Of Nanjing National Government

The period of Nanjing National Government was the transition period when the household politics of China modernized. During the period, the pioneers of modern household politics drew up China’s first "Household Registration Law", set up special household machineries in governments at all levels, trained large number of household officers, get more scientific and accurate household survey data than before, designed the first scientific national census in Chinese history, and made the modern household politics step on the more independent road of scientific development.The household politics in modern Yunnan was a miniature of which in modern China. This article is based on the archives in Yunnan Archives and historical materials of Republic of China in Yunnan University Library, disserts on household statute, household machinery, household officer, and household census and registration, and summarizes the features of household politics in Yunnan during the period of Nanjing National Government including advanced and backward coexisting, obedience and independence coexisting, continuity and intermittency coexisting. In addition, this article points out the achievements and problems of household politics in Yunnan. The improvement of household politics in Yunnan followed steps of National Government. On the one hand, Yunnan Province Government enacted household statutes and set up household machineries on the blank foundation, got more accurate and reliable household data based on sorts of household census and registration with the household officers becoming more and more professional; on the other hand, the household in Yunnan was affected by the problems as the shortage of funds, the lack of talents, the mess of system, and low efficiency of administration, so that part of the purpose did not achieve. Though Yunnan Province Government had made the adjustment according to its own actual situation when it implemented the decree of central government, some problems were inevitable under the specific historical background.This article tries to reflect the situation of household politics in China during the period of Nanjing National Government by studying the household in Yunnan, analyses the problems that exist, sums up historical experience, and supplies some valuable references for the reform of household register system in the future.