| With the transformation of modern medical care pattern and the development of social economy, people have been great changes for the value, ideas and respect of life, that require nurses should sustain human life and health, at the same time, know people, understand people, and care people. And require nursing educators start and increase humanity quality education for nursing students. Although nursing humanities education have been researched at our country’s in the late1980’s, but under the influence of traditional model of nursing education, and the development of humanities quality education of nursing students (after referred to as a student nurse) have being relatively lagging at present, leading to malignant events happened, such as "intern nurse abuse baby". According to the survey, nursing students have some defects in cooperate with others, in caring, respecting and servicing for people, and in the communication with someone effectively. At the same time, some nursing students have crisis in belief, and even without big dreams, are confused about the future, and lack of social responsibility and the humanitarian spirit to heal the wounded and rescue the dying.Tang Ying statistics the number of articles published about nursing humanities concern in our country from2001to2008period, showing that nursing profession have been generally realized the importance of nursing humanities education in the early21st century in our country. And the Nursing educators focus the importance of nursing care and education problems and countermeasures research in nursing humanities education research, but the Research in nursing humanities teaching practice is less. Informed by CNKI that only a handful of people on the basis of western countries’ successful experience about nursing humanities education practice, have tried to make humanistic education into nursing care skills training, community health service practice and clinical practice from January2001to January2014, but did not form a standardized nursing humanities practice teaching mode. Therefore, how to strengthen the nursing humanities theory and practice education to improve the level of nursing students’humanities quality is a common focus to the nursing profession.Many western countries walk in front of our country in the field of nursing humanities education, that have established a more rational and mature curriculum of nursing humanities education and hidden curriculum system,In addition, western countries have adopted diversity and flexibility of teaching forms and methods in the process of nursing teaching of humanities, and have Carried out teaching of the nursing humanities practice step by step. Such as Finland, Firstly, to carry out the nursing humanities training class in the school training rooms, and then arrange nursing students into the nursing practice,such as pension institutions, community health service institutions and hospitals and so on, what can let nursing students under the guidance of the teacher to feel humanities spirit, to let nursing students acquire emotional experience in the process of contact with the patients, to cultivate nursing students to caring patients, respecting patients, being kind of the life purpose and the humanistic spirit. In the comparative of nursing students’ humanistic quality level and the nursing humanities education research and results both at home and abroad that nursing humanities teaching practice is a crucial part of the cultivation of nursing students’humanities quality, what’s more, nursing practice is an essential part of human practice teaching.To explore the nursing human practice teaching mechanism that suitable for our country’s education mode, some experts suggest should draw lessons from foreign successful experience to set up early clinical exposure mechanism to implement nursing humanities practical teaching. Advice is good, but the development of nursing humanities teaching practice is in the phase of exploration and research in China, and the development of humanistic quality of clinical nurse is unbalanced and not optimistic in our country. If directly conduct nursing humanities teaching practice in the process of clinical practice, maybe not only lead to the insufficient of humanistic practical teacher, but also lead to a series of ethical and student management problems, etc.Therefore, for that reason, this research group cooperation with our school elderly community nursing practice base--Guangzhou shouxing building to established practice base of the nursing students’ humanistic quality education communities to explore the effective and standardized nursing humanities practical teaching mode. In order to guarantee the nursing humanities teaching practice smoothly, to establish a standardized nursing humanities practical teaching mode, this study investigated the current situation of teaching management of shouxing building, and developed a set of management specification of nursing students’ humanistic quality education base, to provide the reference of nursing humanities teaching practice in the clinical in the future.Objective1.To find out the practical teaching management problem of humanistic quality education of nursing students in our school community practice base through the investigation of the practice teaching management status of Shou Xing building, and Provide the reality basis and thinking for[Management specification of Community Practical Education Base for Nursing Undergraduates’Humanistic Quality].2.Build the [Management specification of Community Practical Education Base for Nursing Undergraduates’Humanistic Quality], which has a set of reasonable structure, comprehensive, and can be applied to depends on nursing humanities teaching practice of pension agency, make the management and the teaching of humanistic practice of nursing students normalized and systematized in order to strengthen humanistic practical skills of nursing students, and promote the humanities knowledge of nursing students and the purpose of the humanistic spirit of internalization.Research significance1. Find out the management problem in the practice teaching of Shou Xing building, and guide the development of nursing practice teaching base of our university.2.[Management specification of Community Practical Education Base for Nursing Undergraduates’Humanistic Quality] can give nursing humanities teaching and management clear direction, effectively solve the problems of the faculty deficiency, promote the development of teaching behavior and teaching management standardization, improve the quality of nursing humanities teaching practice, and lay the foundation of further humanities teaching and management research in communities of practice or clinical practice for future.Objects and methods1. The investigation of the present teaching management situation of nursing humanity quality education practice base-takes Shou Xing building for example Design the [Management present situation investigation of Community Practical Education Base for Nursing Undergraduates’ Humanistic Quality] questionnaire on the base of literatures of teaching management of Communities of practice base and the interview results of Shou Xing building’s teaching management staff. The questionnaire was amended and confirmed by experts related to humanistic education, the details including the teaching management staff’s personal information, general data of the base, the practice teaching management present situation of the base and development purpose of the base. We investigated all the teaching management staff of Shou Xing building, collecting datas with Excel2003, do the statistical treatment with SPSS13.0, analyse the datas with descriptive statistics.2. Establishing of [Management specification of Community Practical Education Base for Nursing Undergraduates’ Humanistic Quality (trial version)][Management specification] was depended on the review of the literature, management measure of college humanities and social sciences practice base and the results of the investigation of the practice teaching management status of Shou Xing building. We use Likert5-scale to describe the experts’ opinion about the necessity, rationality, and feasibility of the items. All experts have given the specific evaluation and practical suggestions for [Management specification] after two expert consultations. With Delphi method,18experts in the area of Medical schools, hospitals, community health service center, nursing home were investigated for two times to judge the necessity, feasibility and rationality of the [Management specification] and make advices. Analyzed the general information of the experts with descriptive statistics, checkout the reliability and representativeness of the expert consultation with Opinion concentration degree, coordination degree, positive coefficient and coefficient of authority.The data were analyzed with statistical package of social sciences SPSS13.0and Excel2003. The experts’ age range is from 34～60, and the average age is43.68±7.50. Working years of these experts range from11～46, the mean is22.89±8.76. All the experts are above intermediate professional title.1of them (5.56%) has high technical title and7of them (38.89%) have vice-senior title,10of them (55.56%) have intermediate title.Results1. Teaching management status of the Shou Xing building1.1General data of respondent and Shou Xing buildingThe Shou Xing building was established in1998. Since1999, there have had been36colleges and universities co-founded social education practice base with Shou Xing building. Among witching, teachers formally organized students to participate in practice in Shou Xing building account for about60%, yearly organized account for about55%. Now Shou Xing building receives3000students every year.20questionnaires were issued, and17effective questionnaires were recovered, effective rate was85%. The respondent including16female and1male, age range is from26～40, average is33.24±4.630, among witch:2(11.8%) were working2～3years,5(29.4%) were working4～5years,7(41.2%%) were working6～10years,3(17.6%) were working more than10years;9(52.9%) have more than junior education,6(35.3%) have college degree,2(11.8%) have bachelor degree;7(41.2%) were clinical medicine,6(35.3%) were nursing,2(11.8%) were administrative management major,1(5.9%) were music major,1(5.9%) were high school graduated.1.2The present situation and developing direction of practice teaching management of Shouxing Building(1)About establishing the management system and department of teaching: Teaching affairs Office of Shouxing Building and a part of management system were set up at2002. During the process of establishing management system, cooperative academics did not take part in. Because lacking of teaching management experiences, the teaching management system is not comprehensive and normative. According to the research, the informants hope to get the support of cooperative academics and improve teaching management system. The most want to be completed teaching management systems are [Construction management approach of Base],[Teaching quality monitoring method of Base],[Teaching funds supervision method of Base],[Training methods of base part-time practice guidance teacher], the second are [Open management approach of Base],[Rewards and punishments measures for the Part-time practice guidance teachers of Base],[Measures for the management of base teaching equipment],[The security management in the practice teaching],[Authoritative and complete university-enterprise cooperation principles], and the last are [Management responsibilities of Base],[Selection method for the part-time teachers of Base],[Evaluation method for the Part-time practice guidance teacher of Base].(2)About the construction of part-time faculty:partner schools basically don’t interfere with or get involved in the selection, training and evaluation of the part-time teachers in Shou-xing Building. Selection conditions have been established including the job qualification, examination of the theory and clinical operation and daily performances by Shouxing Building, Meanwhile, assessment method has also been established including the theory, clinical operation and evaluation of the teachers in schools. And also, the officers of Shouxing Building have established training institution which put the training of the medical care, gerontological nursing and nursing skills at the primary state, and the teaching skills at the second.. According to the survey, because of the separation between the theory and practice in the teaching by the part-time teachers, the targets and effects of the schools’practical activiy have not been achieved to the expectation. And76.5%of respondents hoped that partner schools can organize the training of the regular nursing professional knowledge and teaching skills.(3)About the education funds’investment and management:Around80%of education funds of the Shouxing Building were from the practice funds that allocated by its partner institutes, these funds were used for the configurations and maintenances of teaching equipment(58.8%),the pat-time teachers’or the teaching management personnels’training(23.6%),the teaching and the office work(17.6%)and so on.81.3%of the respondents hope that the partner institutes can increase some extra investments to the education funds in the base in order to help and guide to establish a standard supervision system for the practice teaching fonds.(4)In the aspect of teaching management means:The Shouxing Building and the partner institutes have not set up the networked teaching management platform, but most of the respondents have realized the importance of the networked teaching management, they think it is necessary to use the networked technology to manage the education, only11.8%of the respondents think that use the networked technology or not make no difference.2. Established of [Management specification of Community Practical Education Base for Nursing Undergraduates’ Humanistic Quality (trial version)]2.1The content of [Management specification of Community Practical Education Base for Nursing Undergraduates’ Humanistic Quality (trial version)]The [Management specification (trial version)] includes the total target of teaching and management about Community Practical Education Base for Nursing Under-graduates’ Humanistic Quality, the thought/goal/practice content of Base construction, the setting of teaching management institution, the human resource management about base teachers, the teaching management system and teaching management means of base, which be Primary confirmed by expert consultation. 2.2The reliability and consistency of the expert consultationAccording to the research or work area, the experts show higher professional representative. The reliability of consultation results can be measured by the experts’ representativeness, positivity and authority, coordination index of expert indicators. Experts positive index is reflected by the questionnaire’ response rate, the response rates of two rounds investigation are86.4%and94.7%; Experts’ authority is measured by level of the experts’ familiarity and judgment with index. Authoritative coefficient of experts is0.835, while generally reliability coefficient(Cr≥0.70) is acceptable, so experts’ authority is higher in this study; After two round of the expert consultation, the coordination index are0.160(χ2=136.413, P=0.000) and0.172(χ2=136.413, P=0.000), which shows that the experts opinions’coordination is significant and the survey results are acceptable.2.3The necessity, rationality, and feasibility of the [Management specification]The Consulting questionnaire setup7necessary questions about all the content of [Management specification], while the mean of7necessity questions are more than4points (Out of5points, the same below) in two rounds of consultation. Result shows that experts’ opinion is relatively concentrated:Firstly, the experts think to formulate management specification of community practical education base for Nursing Undergraduates’ Humanistic Quality is necessary; Secondly, the content of [Management specification (trial version)] is necessary, that include the total target of teaching and management about Community Practical Education Base for Nursing Under-graduates’ Humanistic Quality, the thought/goal/practice content of Base construction, the setting of teaching management institution, the human resource management about base teachers, the teaching management system and teaching management means of base. About the reasonable questions, the mean of29questions are more than4points, but there have3items’ mean is3.95in the first consultation. It shows that experts think the most of contents are scientific and reasonable. However, there is still a part of content need to modify. According to experts’ amendments, the research groups integrate and modify the structure and content of [Management specification]. Finally, the reasonable questions are reduced to28on the second Consulting questionnaire, and the mean of29questions are more than4points in the second consultation, which shows that the experts consider it is reasonable.About the feasible questions, the mean of7questions are in3.74between3.95. However, when study group according experts opinions to discuses and modify the specification, the mean of6questions are more than4points, that indicates the specification be more feasible.Conclusion1.The investigation of the Shouxing building’s current teaching management situation promote the cooperation colleges and Shouxing building both increase support to practical teaching and management, also can promote to implement easily standardization ofThe survey found that practical teaching and management of Shouxing building has the following problems:①t lacks of effective communication between cooperation colleges and Shouxing building, and lacks of Emphasis and support, what affects the practical teaching quality;②The Shouxing building in the management system of practical teaching has achieved certain results, but is not too clear about the position and the function of teaching management system in the process of practical teaching. It formulated teaching management system has lack of effectiveness and systemic, that lead to the practice teaching behavior being not standardized management, and impact the teaching effect;③The selection of Part-time faculty lack of standard, the training mechanism is not based on the requirement of the practice teaching, and the assessment method is not comprehensive;④The network teaching management platform is blank and the part-time teachers lack of teaching skills, that seriously affect the flexibility of practical teaching and the teaching effect;⑤Cooperation colleges and Shouxing building both lack of educational investment in practice teaching and base construction, it is severely restricted in organization of practical teaching and base construction. Discovery of these problems can promote cooperation colleges and Shouxing building to intensify the support for the practical teaching and management, and can provides a good basis for formulation of the [Management specification of Community Practical Education Base for Nursing Undergraduates’ Humanistic Quality], also can provide a reference for the practice teaching and management what base on the pension agency in the future.2. It promotes the construction of base and the organization and management of nursing cultural practices after we established [Management specification of Community Practical Education Base for Nursing Undergraduates’ Humanistic Quality (trial version)]The mean beyond3.5and the coefficient of variance less than0.2were used to screen indexes. A set of the management standard of community practical education base management for nursing undergraduates’ Humanistic Quality could be drawn according to the expert advice and group discussion results. It can promote the construction of Shouxing building, and can also regulate the behavior of nursing humanities teaching practice and management, raise the whole level of part-time faculty humanistic quality and the nursing humanistic practical teaching level of part-time faculty. On the other hands, it can provide a reliable basis for construction of the medical students’humanities quality practical education base. 3. The formulation of Guidelines using the Delphi method is scientific and effectiveThe analysis of the coefficient of experts’enthusiasm, the extent of authority, the concentration of experts’ opinions show that the Guidelines is reliable, and the results indicate that the necessity of the most content of the guidelines are confirmed by the invited experts.4. The formulation of Guidelines using the Delphi method is circumscribed The following evidences have proved that the formulation of Guidelines is circumscribed:①The resources is limited, such as the related articles and the management measures of college humanities and social science’s practice base that can referenced is very limited. In addition, we only refer to the practical teaching management of Shouxing building;②Expert Consultation has geographical limitation, because the experts only come from two provinces in our country. And the experts field percentage difference is relatively large, so maybe affect the reliability of the [Management specification of Community Practical Education Base for Nursing Undergraduates’Humanistic Quality] in some extent;③The content of management standard has some limitation, because we didn’t implement the measured research, and didn’t specific partial content. |
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