A Study On The Development Of American Teacher Education Thoughts In The First Half Of The20th Century

Teacher education is the basic security of talent prosperous and education. Only the excellentteachers can make a high quality of education. No matter the development of education all around theworld, or the improvement of the citizens’ cultivation. As the backbone of the social reform, the teachereducation was draw great attention. American teacher education began earlier. During the first half of the20th century, all kinds of education thoughts emerged like bamboo shoots, which put forward differentviews and opinions to teacher education, and brought the specials of teacher education to the age, andplayed the prelude to the future trend of the teacher education in the United States.Although some achievements have been made in today’s china’s education, there’s still muchdifficulties we have to suffer to make a powerful country relys on education among the economicglobalization wave, teacher education still shoulders heavy responsibilities. Based on the purpose ofcomparative and reference, this thesis analyzes deeply the revolution development of the American teachereducation thoughts in the first half of the20th century. Based on teacher education development situation inour country and learn form the successful experience of American education reform. To look for the bestgold combining site between internationalization and localization, offering reference and enlightenment forour national teacher education reform.This thesis is divided into four parts except the “summary” and “introduction”.Part1, the foundation of development of American teacher education thought in the first half ofthe20th century. In this chapter, it mainly stated from the trend of theoretical thoughts, social reform andevolution of institutions. In the trend of theoretical thoughts, it analyzed guiding function of the philosophical foundation of positivism and pragmatism and the psychology basis on behaviorism andgestalt to American teacher education thoughts. In the social reform, it discusses the social challengeAmerican teacher education faced in the first half of the20th century: the highly developed industry, thetwo world wars, the economic crisis and the New Deal. In the evolution of institutions, it summarized threedifferent value ideas as follows, the "art" of academic idea, closed professionalism and the notion makes bythe leaders of education. All of these start the American teachers’ education thoughts in the first half of the20th century.Part2, the reform of American teacher education thought in the first half of the20th century.Combining with theoretical basis and summarizing education trends emerged in the first half of the20thcentury; it mainly introduces four value orientations, such as professional orientation, academic orientation,humanistic orientation and social orientation. Discuss four orientations of teacher education under fourdifferent view points, form of expression, and the relationship between each other in detail.Part3, the analysis of thoughts of American teacher education thought in the first half of the20thcentury. First, the thesis introduces from the policy of government, trend of education thought and teachers’demanding.The influence of American teacher education thoughts are divided into two sections. The firstsection is the influence on American teacher education practicing. This part based on teacher educationprograms carried out in the first half of the20th century.It discuss the influence of teachers educationthoughts on teacher education, mainly revolves around three programs, the four-year teacher educationprogram, teacher education program upon postgraduted students and “New College” teacher educationprogram. The third part is the influence on American education development, summary from teachereducation, elementary and secondary teacher education and teacher education thought. The study presentsthe characteristics of fusion and multiplex patterns. Around four aspects discussed in detail as follows, teacher education orientation epitaxial extension, the specialization of teacher education and disciplineknowledge mixed together, the teacher education theory and practicing towards fusion and teachers’ rolepursuit of diversification. The significance of American teacher education thought in the first half of the20th century from the perspective of comparative. It includes providing the theoretical guidance for teachereducation program, promoting the construction of the specialization of teacher education and motivatingthe establishment of modern teacher education system.The last part presents the enlightenment of American teacher education thoughts in the first halfof the20th century. It mainly devotes from the following three aspects: Theory first, propagate and practicetimely about teacher education research; Follow the objective law, innovate teacher education concept.Maintain diversity and developing unity and compatibility at the same time.