Research On Characteristics And Impact Mechanism Of Home-work Separation Of Urban Residents In Beijing

With a series of reforms in socio-economic field and the rapid urbanization since the reform and opening-up, the internal special structure of Beijing has undergone a large-scale adjustment. The traditional model of Unit Compound which combine workplace and residence together had been broken out gradually. As a result, the phenomenon of Home-work separation becomes increasingly obvious and the problems it brings, such as traffic congestion, the increase of commuting time and decrease of life quality, etc, has aroused widespread attention. Therefore, discussing the character of Home-work separation on Beijing residents and revealing the influencing factors and formation mechanism of Home-work separation have a great theoretical and practical significance to the research of internal spatial structure of Beijing. Taking Beijing as example and by the methods of Social Network, mathematical statistics and GIS spatial analyst based on the large-scale questionnaire data in2005and2010and statistical data, The paper make systematical study on general features of Home-work separation and influencing mechanism of urban residents in Beijing according to the research framework of "character-factor-mechanism". The empirical study can be separated into three parts. First, give the analysis of the global feature of Home-work separation and characters of population differentiation. Second, discuss the influencing factors on individual level and regional level of residents. Then conclude the formation mechanism of Home-work separation at last. We draw conclusions as follows:(1)Home-work separation degree of Beijing residents has increased. Average commuting time and commuting distance in2010are43.3minutes,7.0kilometers respectively and both of them increase significantly compared with2005.(2) An obvious spatial differentiation is observed in commuting time, commuting distance, advantage value of Commuting and departure time. Commuting time and commuting distance showed an increase trend, advantage value of Commuting a decreasing trend and departure time an earlier trend from the inner city to the fringe area. (3)There is a phenomenon of spatial mismatch in residential space and employment space in Beijing. Diverse function orientation of residence and employment make centrality degree’s difference of commuting network and commuting flows are mainly concentric commuting.(4) The results reveal "significant differences" among different attribute groups in commuting time and commuting distance. The order of both commuting time and commuting distance are "young white-collars> young migrant workers> general civilians> high-income group" sorted by their size. In addition, the commuting satisfaction of civilians in general and young migrant workers is relatively higher while high-income group and young white-collar workers have lower satisfaction.(5) Outer suburbs’ residents, distance to Tiananmen square, housing area, non-unit type housing, young migrant workers, and young white-collars increase the degree of home-work separation while jobs to suburbs or outer suburbs, unit size of "10to49people" or "more than100people" and male decrease the degree of separation. Besides, the influencing factors of home-work separation for different attribute groups are also different.(6) Home-work separation of Beijing urban residents is a result of both macro-mechanism and micro-mechanism factors together. Macro-mechanism factors mainly includes the development of urbanization, urban renewal, land paid use system, housing system reform, traffic development; Micro-mechanism factors including the socio-economic attributes, life cycle of family, residential characteristics, employment characteristics and personal preferences.