In Asymmetric Social Dilemmas Leader Impact On Donation Behavior Of Subordinates

Recently, the attention about the philanthropy is increasing, owing to thefrequent exposures of the negative news about the charity. Human are longingfor the reliability and transparency of the charity, meanwhile, what theyexpected more is that those selfish people can devote themselves to thecollectivity. In the behavior of donation, social members formed a temporarygroup, among which the individual behavior is not only influenced bypersonal factors such as their own values, also affected by the collectivebehavior of others. Thus, in the temporary group of the donations, whatfactors may affect the individual behavior and how about the influencingmechanism? This study discussion this issue and brings it into asymmetricsocial dilemmas of lab experiment. In past public-goods dilemmas researchusing symmetric social dilemmas, in other words, there is equal resources foreveryone of group before decision making. In real life the distribution ofwealth is not equal, so asymmetric social dilemmas is more close to the reallife and has more realistic significance.Based on the studies in the past, this study uses a research paradigm,which is symmetric social dilemmas as background material. The mainmethod is lab experiment, Secondary method is questionnaire method, makestudy and research on the label of leader, different behavior and social valueorientation would influence the participator’s behavior in asymmetric socialdilemmas. The study consists of three parts. Experiment1would distinguishthe contexts of whether had a leader or not, and test how the differentbehavior of cooperation or betray would influence the participant’s donationbehavior and group identity; Based on Experiment1, Experiment2would test the participant’s donation behavior and group identity when leader of groupcome from out-group or in-group; Based on Experiment1and Experiment2,In Experiment3, the leader and the common group members are both in thegroup, the leader of different group, social value orientation and differentbehavior of leader or common group member with which individuals areendowed in asymmetric social dilemmas may shape donation behavior andgroup identity differently for prosocials and proselfs.The main conclusions are as following:1、In asymmetric social dilemmas, establishing a leader in group mightpromote cooperation behavior of members and the realization of the groupinterest. In other words, the participant donate more gold coins when there isleader in group than there is not leader in group, meanwhile, group identitybecome lower when there is leader in group.2、The betrayal behavior of member in an inferior position status did nottrigger the betrayal behavior of member in a dominance status, insteadmember in a dominance status exhibit higher levels of donation，meanwhile,the group identity when behavior is betray become lower than when behavioris cooperation.3、 the out-group leader and the in-group leader are both in the group,the in-group leader get more support than the out-group leader, but if there isonly the out-group leader or the in-group leader in the group, there is nodifference of the support for the out-group leader or the in-group leader.4、Different group identity have different effects on donation behaviorfor individual of different social value orientation, individual of prosocialshave obvious out-group favoritism, even though leader show betrayal, thencause a great loss to the collective interests, they improve the level of theirown donations to compensate for the losses; Individual of proselfs who issensitive to group identity, when group identity become lower,the sametendency of group identity and donation behavior.