Study On The Standard-based Item Construction Of Junior Physics

In the late1980s, the United States formulated and released a curriculumstandard available for students at each level. The academic proficiency expected to beachieved by students was specified in such a standard to students, teachers and othercommunities. As the promotion of the Goals2000: Educate America Act, a wave ofeducation reform based on this standard got started. In2001, China launched a newround of curriculum reform during which the role curriculum standard played in theteaching process is becoming more and more important. Basic education on the basisof the standard led the mainstream of international education reform. Teachingprocess and evaluation system under such standards have attracted more attentionfrom education circle than ever before. Now in China, the basic education examremains the major means for academic evaluation. Item development based on thestandard is an important step to carry out the evaluation system.Through a research on recent years’ item development trend, the fact that mostitem development research conducted by Chinese scholars remains on the level oftheoretical direction was found. Such research as studying certain technical problemsin the operation process of item development was rare to see. As a result, theconsistency between items and standards needs to be increased, the procedure fordeveloping items regulated, item development capability of faculty membersstrengthened. On one hand, teachers should understand curriculum targets instructedin the curriculum standard and get full knowledge of the content standard and theimplementation proposals.On the other hand, teachers who are responsible fordeveloping items should understand the concept of item development of juniorphysics, grasping item development principles as well as increasing their relatedcapabilities.While reflecting on the flaws of item development in China’s education exam,the essay conducted a deeper consideration on and exploration into the concepts andprinciples of developing junior physics items based on the standard and analyzedmajor problems existing in the item development process by referring to projectresearch experiences. This essay also provided solutions to how to guarantee that: theitem development framework will keep consistent with curriculum standard; eachdimension of the framework will be refined and reasonable; the structure of itemtypes will be balanced; the experiment exploration will be verified in a reasonableway; the content tested through these items will cover each aspect and hasrepresentativeness; the reserve of item database is sufficient. The essay also evaluatedthe effectiveness of these solutions. The essay is hoped to serve as a reference forteachers responsible for developing items and help completing the evaluation systemof physics teaching.