Research On Instructional Design Focusing On Core-knowledge In Senior Biology

Under the background of the knowledge flow and the new-curriculum reform, the classroom teaching becomes more bloated because of the excess knowledge, and the classroom teaching structure increasingly burdensome due to the multitude classroom teaching modes. Therefore, it urgently needs to be solved that what and how to teach in a limited time to enable students to get the maximum improvement and growth, so as to achieve the maximize classroom efficiency. To construct a high efficiency and low consumption classroom which takes the core-knowledge as the main line provides an idea to solve this problem.The research aimed at dealing with the processing about knowledge layer, boldly discarding easy knowledge, carry out instructional design based on core-knowledge, leading teachers and students to consuming their energy and mind on the cutting edge, so that to improve teachers’ teaching efficiency consciousness, and achieve the classroom which alleviating burdens for efficiency.This study was based on some theories, including the theory by Lev Vygotsky about zone of proximal development, and the teaching process optimization by IO.K.EaoacKuu, and the theory of effective teaching. Combined with the previous research on core-knowledge teaching, the research adopting some educational research methods, such as the method of literature research, the questionnaire survey method and the case study method, to slimmed the classroom teaching from two aspects:firstly, layered knowledge through analyzing and extracting on the teaching content, isolated the core-knowledge, secondary-knowledge and adjustive-knowledge from each chapter, and boldly discarded the meaningless part to simplify the knowledge of classroom teaching. Secondly, carried out instructional design closely linked to the core-knowledge, reduced consumption of noncore-knowledge for teachers and students in time and energy, and on this basis, designed simple and pragmatic classroom teaching activities, so as to highlight the main teaching line and realize the concise and efficient classroom.The extraction of core-knowledge in senior biology should be based on the "Biology Curriculum Standard", and then refined hierarchical knowledge in three steps:firstly, combed the core-knowledge in genetic part through in-depth research on the "Curriculum Standard ", textbook, learning materials and so on; then, worked out survey questionnaire using the five-point Likert scale, which was gave to some senior schools in Guangxi which make great teaching achievement and teachers with high teaching quality, inputted the collected data into SPSS 19.0, counted the proportion of each level and the average score of each knowledge, integrated both to determine the level of important degree to each knowledge. The result showed that, it obtained four rating from 86 knowledge points for a total, among them, A grade name "very important" was up to 52.3%, the rest of the B, C, D grade accounted for 37.2%,8.2%,2.3% respectively; finally, according to the result of the important degree of genetic section knowledge, referring to the core idea of genetics, with the aid of the concept map method, integrated and linked the knowledge of a lesson, so as to construct the knowledge network, revealed the location of each knowledge, and isolated the core-knowledge, secondary-knowledge and adjustive-knowledge on the basis of the learning situation of students.Scientific instructional design is an important way to realize the effective organization of teaching in the limited time, therefore, it is need to design "how to teach" through instructional design after the determination of "what to teach", so that maximize efficiency of the classroom. This study put forward a frame of instructional design focusing on the core-knowledge teaching based on the reference of Wumeina’s teaching design mode, and according to the characteristics of the core-knowledge teaching. And then take "Gene Directs the Synthesis of Protein" for an example to carry out an instructional design focus on the core-knowledge teaching.The core-knowledge teaching should take students as center, by the way of refining teaching content, arranging reasonable time, optimizing teaching design, taking simple teaching activity, to construct a concise classroom. At the same time, core-knowledge teaching should pay attention to core-concept teaching, so as to realize the efficient classroom under the background of quality education.