The Effects Of Mindfulness Training On Undergraduates’ Skill Acquisition In Dart Throwing

The core concept of mindfulness training comes from the eastern zen culture, it was born in the western psychology, 30 years ago and then it has got some achieve achievements. But the study of mindfulness training in China is just beginning. There exists significant difference between mindfulness training and traditional psychological skill training(PST). The mindfulness training stressed that non – judge to feel all emotion, accept they, don’t try to remove, control and change they. And PST stressed that everybody will achieve the best state by a serial of psychological skills training, remove all negative emotions.Objectives: The present study examined whether or not mindfulness training based on the mindfulness-acceptance-commitment approach(MAC) can improve undergraduate’ skill acquisition of dart throwing, level of mindfulness, flow state and acceptance ability.Design: Randomised controlled trial. 2*3 two factor mixed experimental design. Between variable: experimental conditions(experimental group, the control group); Within variable: experimental time(pre-test, post-test, follow-test).Methods: A total of 43 first-year college students who had not played darts professionally prior to the study were randomly assigned to either an attention control group(n = 21) or a mindfulness training group(n = 22) during an eight-week dart training program. Dart throwing and psychological variables were assessed at pre-intervention, post-intervention, and two-week follow-up.Result: The variable of gender is set a co-variable to take a two-factors repeated measures multivariate analysis of covariance and one way analysis of variance.(1) In the aspect of mindfulness ability, the experimental group had significant better than the control group.(The interaction of experimental conditions and experimental time,F2,41=3.281,p=0.005,η2=0.541)(2) In the aspect of mental toughness, the experimental group had significant better than the control group.(The interaction of experimental conditions and experimental time, F2,41=7.315,p=0.001,η2=0.155)(3) In the aspect mental flow ability, the experimental group had significant better than the control group.(The interaction of experimental conditions and experimental time, F2,41=9.191,p<0.001,η2=0.187)(4) In the aspect dart throwing, the experimental group had significant better than the control group.(The interaction of experimental conditions and experimental time, F2,41=13.400,p<0.001,η2=0.252)Conclusions: It was concluded that the MAC could improve the performance and adaptive sport experience of undergraduates in dart throwing.