Comparative Research On The Operation System Of High School Biology Textbooks Between China And America

Biology course of high school reform has lasted ten years. Based on students’ learning of basic knowledge. It emphasis on enhancing the ability and training of the emotional attitude and values of students. As the important part of the curriculum reform,biology textbook has three systems. As one of three systems, the operation system is an essential way to cultivate the skills and to cultivate emotional attitude and value. The promotion of the operation system affects the basic requirements of textbook to manifest course reform better. In order to provide some help to perfect the operation system of high school biology textbooks in China, this research compares operation system of high school biology textbooks published by People’s Education Press in China and<Biology. Dynamics of life> used in American high schools. Learn the advantage of American and promote ourselves.In this research, biology textbooks is a large system. It is divided into three subsystems, which are text system, image system and operation system. It sees operation as a system to research its structure and function. It uses the method of documentary to collect related data which establish the theoretical foundation of the research. According to some advice of experts, the operation system of biology textbooks is divided into 11 types which are preparation before class, learning a new lesson, consolidation, diagnosis, exam oriented, participation, importing skills, enhancing the social adaptability, development of personality and enhance the feeling. Then using textual analysis of qualitative research and mathematical statistics of quantitative research to compare five aspects of the operation system of high school biology textbooks between China and America. Five aspects including the type of operation, the content focus, time arrangement, accounting for the proportion of the surface system, and degree of integration with other systems. And then comparative analysis the relative amount of statistical results in the way of comparative research. At last summarizing all the above research and combining with theoretical basis, the research draws the following several points:(1)The types are more diversified, which is conducive to the comprehensive development of students, but the logical order of operation system of high school biology textbooks in China does not coincide the Gagne learning theory emphasizing the learning step-by-step. Secondly, comprehensive exercise less, which is not conducive to the students in the knowledge, ability and emotional attitude sublimation; level is not strong, which is not well reflected the idea of facing all the students. (2) The two countries’ operation system is paying more attention to teaching students to play the main role, stimulating students’ interest, and enabling students to actively participate in learning. But we are weak in promoting skills, but focus on the test and examination, which is inconsistent with the curriculum standard of 3D target ability, and is not conducive to the implementation of quality education. (3)More operations finished in class help to ease the study burden. Nonetheless, it reduces the contact between student and family, society, which is not conducive to the correct development of students’ emotion and the values.(4)The proportion of operation system in surface system is close to 1/3, which well shows the education idea of "learning from actions and using both hands and brain".(5)In both America and China, the degree of integration between the operation system and the text system is high, but in China, the degree of integration between the operation system and the image system is lower, which is harmful to both operation system and textbooks working well.(6)The overall content of operation is arranged similarly in those two countries, nevertheless some of the column content is sort of blunt in China and is not fully related to our national conditions.According to above research, the suggestions to the organization of the operation system of high school biology textbooks in China and the implementation of teaching are given as followings:In terms of the organization, the arrangement should be step-by-step, make its design of the project more comprehensive, let the organization drew up for all the students, strengthen the "effect of promoting skills", keep a balance between class work and homework, increase the pertinence and the maneuverability, enhance the degree of integration between the operation system and the image system, absorb the advance of others and sinicize it; As to the implementation of teaching, consider seriously about students, curriculum standard and the operation system. Accept vast arrays of types and have the courage to create.