A Comparative Study On Functions Of The Operating System Of High School Physical Geography Textbooks Between America And China

New Geography Curriculum reform has lasted ten years, People are more inclined to position geography textbook as learning materials, and the function of the operating system which is one integral part of Geography textbooks has a direct impact on whether geography textbook can be learning materials. In order to deepen understanding of geography educators, academics and high school geography teachers on the operating system and its function, and to release the vision to understand the operating system settings of foreign geography textbook, also to provide a reference to revise and improve the operating system of our geography text, this study compares the function of the operating system of physical geography between America and China.Using comparative analysis, literature research, summarizing, quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis methods to compare the operating system of geography textbook between America and China, reach the conclusion that there are large differences in the job type, content focus, timing of the job, accounting for the proportion of surface system, degree of integration with other systems and so on. These differences result in differences in the overall function, the diversification of the functions, the focus of function. The advantages of the function of America textbook operating system are improving students’learning process, paying more attention to the guidance of the process and methods, focusing on the personality development of students, taking into account the quality different learning needs, the shortages are too much emphasis on extracurricular achieve and the asymmetry of the proportion of some types of jobs and their function. The main advantages of the function of China’s textbooks operating system are helping to play the advantage of learning by doing and taking the cultivation of geographic expertise seriously, deficiencies in the main are that the type of functionality is not comprehensive enough, the overall function is far less than the functions of it should have, the guidance of processes and methods is inadequate, the attention to the personality development of students is insufficient, and missing the function of review and the guidance of examination.In allusion to the deficiencies in the functions of current physical geography textbooks operating system, and to absorb the excellent experience of the American textbook job design, and consider the requirements of geography curriculum reform, optimizing the design of the operating system of China’s current physical geography textbooks need to follow four basic principles:curriculum standards-oriented principle, the principle of student center, comprehensive development principle, as well as operational principle. The means of implementation on the basis of following the four principles include the following six aspects:Setting rich operating part to enrich the diverse of the culture function; improving innovation of the design and to concern about the students’personality development; enhancing the life oriented of content to improve the students’enthusiasm for study; increasing amount of moderate exercise to enhance the function of consolidation and examination; strengthening the guidance of process and methods in order to achieve the key objectives; increasing operability in order to improve the implementability of the function.