Gender Responsive Budgeting In China: Theoretical Basis,Practices And Dilemmas Of Popularization

Gender is not only a permanent theoretical issue, but also a renewal practice problem. Because the realization of gender equality could not go smoothly. Gender-sensitive issues are public issues, and promoting gender equality is the responsibility of the government. This has become global consensus. In order to achieve gender equality, a fair and equitable distribution of resources is inseparable. Government budget is just the tool of the decision of public resources. GRB takes gender the awareness into government budget, focusing on gender-sensitive issues of public expenditure. Therefore, GRB has not only become a key tool of gender mainstreaming, but also one of the government budget management tools and one way to realize governance modernization. The voice of GRB across the globe has been the response, and GRB is becoming an international trend. However, the GRB development in China lags behind, and the reason is multifaceted. Considering to the innegligible issue of Chinese gender inequality, and the historic opportunity of Chinese fiscal reform constantly, undoubtedly, it is of great significance to study GRB.This paper focuses on the specialized theories of GRB, and settles on the path of GRB developing in China. The specific methods include literature analysis, analogy analysis, case analysis, etc. In addition to "Introduction" and "Conclusions and Prospects", there are five parts. The first part is about the theoretical basis of GRB and meaning of GRB. By reexamining Gender theory and Government Budget theory, this paper explains the cause and effect of GRB. We find that GRB has multidimensional value. The second part is about the action elements and implementation processes of GRB. Based on the analysis of global experiences, this paper firstly sums up the background and possible entry points to start GRB, then introduces the action elements of GRB, for instance, the target system, the implementation actors, methods and tools, etc. Besides, this paper outlines the system chart of GRB implementation. The third part is about GRB implement in China. This paper makes comparative analysis about the starts background, operation strategies, advantages and shortcomings of GRB in Zhangjiakou, Jiaozuo, Wenling. By comparing their differences, this paper tries to explore an effective mode of GRB implement in China. The fourth part is about the barriers of GRB popularization in China. It can be summarized to three levels as concepts, systems and operations. Specifically, political culture traditions, the lack of reform motivation and the imperfection of technical capacity, are the barriers of GRB popularization in China. The fifth part is about popularization model and institutional construction of GRB in China. This paper finds that GRB popularization in China might take a gradualist model, by the target level building and "First trial, then promotion" to achieve it. GRB will be implemented more effective with the government-leading and institutionalization. So it is necessary that the government should make GRB universal by optimizing the institutional environment, improving institutional arrangements and ensuring the institutional benefits.This paper probably makes some innovations, and it mainly reflects in three aspects. Firstly, the new perspective. GRB is a very new issue, and it is a multi-disciplinary research. This paper is based on a perspective of governance, and tries to discuss government popularization model and institutional construction of GRB in China. Secondly, the new method. Based on international experiences, this paper tries to sketch out a framework of GRB at first, then takes multiple case studies about GRB implement in China. Comparing the three cases, this paper infers a possibility model. Due to the limited phenomenon of GRB practices in China, this paper tries to analyze the reasons and countermeasures. Thirdly, the new ideas. The current academic is lack of rational inquiries conducted from institutional level. In the other words, the studies do not make findings deeply enough. In fact, Institutionalization is the core of GRB reforms. Thus, this paper attempts to explore a gradual reform model of GRB in China, and the path of GRB institutional construction.