The Analysis Of Elite Athletes’ Multiple Cultivation Paths Of Competitive Sports In China

Since China’s reform and opening up, China’s political system and economic system are both in the process of profound changes. With the establishment of the socialist market economic system, the transformation of Chinese society from traditional model to modern model, the singleness and limitations of the original elite athletes cultivation path are more and more obvious, it is difficult to adapt the development of modern society. Currently, the goverment puts forward the conception of building a socialist harmonious society, in sports field the goverment puts forward transformation from sports nation to powerful sports nation, and the sustainable development of competitive sports. All the factors require the cultivation of elite athletes in our country to adapt to China’s politic, economic and social development, transfer from the traditional single cultivation path to open multiple cultivation paths.This study mainly uses the literature material method, expert interview method, logical analysis method, combining with management, sports science, sociology, economics and various theory knowledge, has a thorough comparison and analysis on the cultivation paths of Chinese elite athletes. According to the theory of "path dependence" analyzes the historical evolution of Chinese elite athletes cultivation path. Using system analysis method, it can be divided into two categories according to the dominant force, summed up five patterns of Chinese elite athletes cultivation:the three-level training network mode, physical teaching mode, the club mode, Wenzhou mode and Ding Junhui mode, analyzes them respectively by using the SWOT analysis method, summarizes the advantages and disadvantages and the development opportunities and challenges of each mode. This paper also introduces multiple elite athletes cultivation paths of United States, Russia and Germany, draws lessons from their successful experience, combines the actual conditions of our country’s national condition, makes suggestions for the future development of Chinese elite athletes multiple cultivation paths.