Effects Of Precoooling And Warm-up Exercise After Precooling On Performance In The Wingate Test Of Athlete In Hot And Humid Environment

Objective: Numerous events will be held in hot and humid weather, hot and humid environment in the game hinder the body heat dissipation, so that the athletes core body temperature, dehydration of the body, further affecting the performance of athlete. Currently precooling is a widely applied methods to reduce the body heat load and reduce heat stress. At present, there is a large number of studies on the precooling effect on endurance sports, but few studies in anaerobic capacity dominated sport. This study is carry out under high temperature and high humidity environment, analysis whether the precooling can help athletes improve anaerobic exercise capacity by Wingate test, and compare the performance can be further improved by short time warm-up after precooling. Provide a reference for athletes and coaches to take precooling Methods: The study subjects are self-controlled experimental design, each subject participate in four tests. Each trial separated by a week, by completing a randomized different processes, complete a Wingate test, in hot and humid environment. Processes are Wingate test directly, Wingate test performed after preooling intervention, Wingate test performed after the short time warm-up, and a short time warm-up after the precooling intervention then Wingate test. The subjects are 12 college students who have regular exercise habits. This study will be analyzed by comparing indicators of Wingate test from the four processes. The indicators are peak power(PP), mean power(MP), fatigue index(%), blood lactate, heart rate, subjective fatigue and ear channel temperature. Results: 1. The group of pre-cooling have the best performance of anaerobic exercise capacity: the highest peak power(PP) 732.5 ± 252.3w, the highest mean power(MP) 278.1 ± 103.5w and almost the lowest fatigue index(%) 47.5 ± 13.5%; The group of short time warm-up have the lowest performance of anaerobic exercise capacity: much lower than the control group’s peak power(PP) 496.4 ± 63.5w and mean power(MP) 173.6 ± 38.7w, higher fatigue index 55.7 ± 22.1%. 2. The subjects of the group of precooling before Wingate test, have the lowest blood lactate, the lowest heart rate and the lowest subjective fatigue after exercise. The subjects of the group of short time warm-up before Wingate test, have the highest heart rate, the highest subjective fatigue, and the blood lactate curve is relatively unique. 3. In hot and humid environment, compared the group of pre-cooling directly before exercise with the group of a short time warm-up after the precooling and than exercise, direct pre-cooling is the optimal choice. Short time warm-up and then exercise after pre-cooling can not be further improve athletic performance. 4. In the hot and humid environment, from the standpoint of fatigue, whether pre-cooling before exercise there is, a short time warm-up will increase the body’s heat stress. That is subjects will more susceptible to fatigue during exercise. Conclusions: 1. Precooling before exercise can significantly improve the athlete’s anaerobic exercise capacity and exercise performance in hot and humid environments. While continuing delay the athlete fatigue generated within a certain time, to help athletes recover after exercise. 2. Short time warm-up will increase the generation of fatigue, thereby affecting athletes anaerobic exercise capacity and exercise performance in hot and humid environments. 3. In the conventional precooling interventions, by no need to short time warm up to help athletes improve deep muscle temperature after precooling. But it is may be necessary in the more extreme interventions of the pre-cooling.