Research On Need-oriented Professional Incentive Mechanism Of College Counselors

College counselors undertake an important responsibility of educating, managing and serving students, playing an increasingly important role in the healthy growth of college students. With the popularization and universalness of higher education in our country, recruitment scales of students in universities are expanding constantly. Great changes have taken place in university students’ world view, outlook on life and their values in new period, presenting both diversified and complicated characteristics,which requires college counselors to improve their own quality and ability in comprehensive way to cope with all aspects of students’ requirements. Since 2004, the government has provided powerful policy supports for college counselor professionalization development, making clear the counselor professional development direction and objectives. However, in the process of professionalization of college counselors, it has encountered many problems in Shanxi Province, of which the most intuitive is that college counselor team is of extremely poor stability, with the phenomenon of brain drain often occurring. The main cause of this situation lies in imperfect need-oriented incentive mechanism.On basis of reading a lot of literature, this study, using the literature research method, has elaborated the professionalization of college counselors and the current research situation of incentive mechanism; By adopting the method of historical institutionalism, based on the institution evolution of college counselor professionalization in Shanxi, it has made an analysis on the important influence of key nodes on institutional changes in various stages together with deep structure of system and path dependence; Choosing college counselors and their managers in Shanxi Province as investigation objects, using questionnaire, it has discovered that professionalization of college counselor advances at a slow pace; In the instruction of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs and Equity theory, it has carried on hierarchical division of college counselor needs in Shanxi Province, meanwhile, selecting the needs which are not met yet as the orientation, together with Two-factor theory, it sums up theproblems that exist in the professionalization of college counselors incentive in Shanxi Province, and has carried on deep analysis of the causes behind; Choosing the United States and Germany as comparative objects, which are excellent representatives in student affairs management, this study has made comparison in the aspect of incentive mechanism and counselor institution.Based on the analysis of practical problems of college counselors in Shanxi Province, this research follows the principle of need-oriented incentive, mutual combination, grasping the actual effectiveness and fairness and reasonability. With unrealized needs of college counselor as a starting point, Two-factor theory and Expectancy theory as guide, as well as combining with the foreign mature advanced concepts and management experience, it has put forward need-oriented incentive mechanism for college counselors in Shanxi Province from three aspects, including security, training and development, aiming at promoting the counselor professionalization development.