| Race walking was first invented by the British. It’s a cyclical endurance racing event and also has the special technical requirements and strict rules. China started to carry out race walking at the end of the 19 th century. During the 90’s, Chinese race walkers won the Olympic champions and the world championships many times. Race walking has been one of the most important event in track and field in China. After China’s national team went through a glorious period of history, which won two gold medals and one bronze medal in 1992 and 2000 Olympics and several world championships, they were down to the lowest point during an Olympic cycle from 2000 to 2004. However, their performance started to recover gradually during another Olympic cycle from 2004 to 2012. During this period, China’s great race walkers Wang Hao and Liu Hong, both placed fourth in men and women’s 20 km race walk at the 2008 Summer Olympics. At the 2009 World Championships in Athletics in Berlin, Wang Hao won the silver medal in Men’s 20 km race walk and Liu Hong won the bronze medal in women’s 20 km race walk. At the 2011 World Championships in Athletics in Daegu, Liu Hong won the champion of women’s 20 km walks. At the 2012 London Olympics, China’s race walkers got one gold, two silver, and two bronze medals. According to these results, their performance has made them be among the top of the world ranking, and their strength has proved that they could make history again at the 2016 Olympics in Rio. However, in such a good situation, Wang Hao and Chu Yafei(Placed first and second at the 2010 Mexico World Championships in Athletics in Mexico), the leaders of China’s male race walkers in London Olympics, could not take part in the competition because of injury. In addition, many talented athletes who were also suffered by injuries could not perform well in the events, and some of them even ended up their careers earlier. Sport injury has already become a key factor that shortens the sport lives of many great race walkers. Therefore, to research on the current situations, features, factors, and cure and prevention of sport injury becomes very urgent. As author himself is the team doctor of the national race walking team, he witnessed the whole journey of the athletics world championship of Beijing in 2015 and the 2016 world race walking team tournament, he also witnessed the training of our country’s excellent national race walkers at the time when they were preparing the 2016 Rio Olympic games. He saw that how sport injuries happened and he took part in the whole process to prevent and cure sport injuries.In this article, we chose our objects from the excellent race walkers in China’s national race walking team, and interviewed some coaches and experts who study race walking, Marathon, and other long-distance endurance events. Our research methods included literature and documentary, interviews of experts, mathematical statistics, and logical analysis. We mainly studied the current situations, features and cure and prevention of sport injury of China’s race walkers trying to enhance scientific training level of race walking event in China, lower the rate of getting sports injuries, prolong the sport lives of excellent race walkers, and provide scientific references and theoretical basis.The article comes to the following conclusions:1. In the aspect of the nature of the our country outstanding walking race athlete sports injury, the incidence of sports injury was 100%; Among them, sports injury degree, 95.9% of the sports injury belongs to chronic injury, 95.9% of the sports injury belongs to the mild injury and moderate sports injury.2. Good race-walkers sports injury in our country: during the period of winter training period accounted for 42.8% of the total ratio; The plateau training period accounted for 17.0% of the total ratio; Before the period of total ratio to 40.2%.3. The part of the Chinese race walking athletes injury mainly as follows: little legs, legs, knees and one small legs accounted for 31.44% of the total ratio; Big leg accounted for 24.23% of the total ratio; The knee joint accounts for 19.07% of the total ratio; The waist accounted for 10.31% of the total ratio; The shoulder accounted for 6.70% of the total ratio; Ankle accounted for 4.64% of the total ratio; The hip joint account for 3.61% of the total ratio.4. Good race-walkers in China a total of 6 kinds of sports injury. Among them, the muscle injuries accounted for 68.6% of the total ratio; Joint ligament injury accounted for 17.0% of the total ratio; Slippery bursa phlogistic accounted for 5.7% of the total ratio; Tenosynovitis accounted for 4.6% of the total ratio; Soft tissue contusion accounted for 2.6% of the total ratio; The fracture accounted for 1.5% of total ratio.5. Our country outstanding walking race athlete injuries are the major factors directly: motion fatigue, technology is not standard, with training, poor ego to protect consciousness, insufficient strength, improper measures of recovery time, core muscle strength training is not reasonable, on both sides of the power imbalance, lack of flexibility, etc. |
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