The Research On The Balance Of Health Insurance Based On The China’s Urban-rural Dual Structure

In recent years, the health insurance has become a hot subject. With thecontinuing progress of China’s economy, both the contents and degrees ofhealth insurance have been greatly enriched. However there still exist manyproblems obviously, especially in terms of fairness and justice. Thequestion of whether it is fair and just began with the birth of the medicalinsurance system in China, and it has not been solved till today.We need firstly to make clear of the meaning of fairness. The fairnessconsists of equality and justice which are indispensable. When we examine thefairness of social security, we should following three principles: equality,welfare and difference. The health insurance is a vital section of the socialsecurity, and its fairness emphasize the following aspects:1,health insuranceopportunities;2,health insurance fundraising;3,medical resources allocation;4,health insurance distribution.Different country has its different health care model. At present, theinclusive medical care insurance system has a good performance, with theUnited Kingdom and Australia as good examples. It’s obvious that the inclusivemodel of medical care system is based on the economic development level ofsome country. Therefore, the health insurance system is often adopted by manycountries, because of its irrelativeness of economic development level. Butthe health insurance system has its own shortcomings, which also leads to thenecessity of the existence of social medical assistance.With China’s rapid economic growth, the level of social security has beenconstantly improving, especially in the regard of health insurance. But thefairness issue has become increasingly prominent, because the urban residentshave much better health insurance than the rural residents to safeguard theirhealth. To address this situation, the new rural cooperative medical insurancesystem came into being. This is good medicine for the lack of fairness in healthinsurance under the urban-rural dual structure. Through analyzing our existing data on health insurance, we found thatthere still exist many problems in the fairness of our national medicalinsurance:1,unfairness in fundraising;2,unfairness in medical services;3,unfairness outside the system.We should find several ways to resolve the problems. Firstly, we shouldimprove the management mode of urban-rural medical insurance system. Secondly,we should improve the fundraising mechanism of the existing health insurance;thirdly, we should bring the play of the government and medical institutionsinto the fairness of medical insurance; finally, we should implement the ideaof people-oriented during the development of the health insurance.