| Since agriculture is the pillar industry of the national economy, the state and the academic world havealways attached great importance to issues of agriculture, farmer and rural area and food security. Atpresent, the complicated national economic form and natural environment changes have increased theuncertainty and risks in the development of agricultural industry. In order to cope with those risks in thedevelopment of agricultural industry, China has come up with the strategy to develop modernizedagriculture which needs the guide of agricultural science and technology. Therefore, agricultural scienceand technology innovation has been universally accepted by the government and the academic world as theimportant approach to solve issues of agriculture, farmer and rural area and food security. The arrival of theknowledge-based economy society especially the second academic revolution of universities has given anew meaning to agricultural innovation. Agricultural innovation has been transformed from the previoussingle innovative subject and simple technological innovation to the multi-aspect innovation of technology,organization, system etc. formed by the interaction of multiple innovative subjects. Current researches mostcommonly study innovation based on the single innovative subject, while the Triple Helix Theoryemphasizes the collaboration among multiple innovative subjects, which makes up for deficiencies incurrent researches on innovation. At present, most researches study agricultural innovation from asystematic perspective, while the development of agricultural industrial clusters provides a carrier toconstruct the agricultural innovation system.The Shouguang vegetable industrial cluster is a mature agricultural industrial cluster and its internalinnovation activities have always implied the interaction relationships between governments andenterprises, enterprises and universities, universities and governments. Besides, the interaction among thoseinstitutions has formed some new organizational forms such as innovation strategic alliances, nationalhigh-tech demonstration parks etc. Therefore, with the Shouguang vegetable industrial cluster as the case,the paper adopts social network analysis to analyze indexes of innovation cooperation network of theShouguang vegetable industrial cluster such as the network density, the limitation index, centrality of thenodes etc. based on which, the paper describes the network structure of agricultural industrial clusters’ innovation system and finds out that the innovation cooperation network of agricultural industrial clusters’innovation system has the following characteristics: firstly, the innovation cooperation system of theShouguang vegetable industrial cluster has many innovation core nodes, namely the agricultural enterprisesnode, the government node, the university node and the composite organization node; secondly, theShouguang vegetable industrial cluster has developed a triple helix innovation model dominated by leadingenterprises, and the values of all of its indexes in the innovation cooperation network are higher than that ofother nodes, which indicates that leading enterprises play a leading role in the innovation cooperationnetwork in Shouguang area; thirdly, the innovation cooperation network of the Shouguang vegetableindustrial cluster has a relatively low network density but its centralization is in the medium range,implying that there’s comparatively little innovation cooperation among enterprises in the Shouguangvegetable industrial cluster; fourthly, the composite organizations inside the Shouguang vegetable industrialcluster have a remarkable innovation benefit and gradually dominate the knowledge production inside theinnovation of the cluster. As the fourth helical line, composite organizations are equipped with innovationadvantages of two institutions, universities and enterprises respectively, thus it gradually dominatesinnovation in the innovation network.The paper studies the current situation of innovation system of the Shouguang vegetable industrialcluster by constructing analytical framework using the Triple Helix Theory, describes the structure ofinnovation cooperation system in Shouguang area with social network analysis, and finds out that in thecurrent innovation cooperation network of the Shouguang vegetable industrial cluster, there is relativelylittle innovation cooperation among enterprises, the role of universities needs to be strengthened during theinnovation process, while composite organizations have a comparatively large function in the innovationnetwork. The paper puts forward suggestions for the current situation of agricultural innovation inShouguang area based on the Triple Helix Theory and draws the following conclusions according to theanalysis results:(1) In the theoretical aspect, the paper analyzes the coordinated operation mechanism of the triplehelix innovative subjects. As the inevitable product of the interaction among triple helix innovative subjects,composite organizations provide support for innovation activities to be carried out smoothly, playing animportant role in innovation. The triple helix innovation system is composed of organizations that add the application of knowledge in economic and social development. Therefore, triple helix has also become aplatform to form the composite mechanism, and these composite organizations include many neworganizations such as business incubators in universities, venture capital institutions, strategic alliances oftechnological innovation, science and technology demonstration parks etc. These composite organizationsare products of the interaction among triple helix subjects and overlapping of functional areas of thosesubjects.(2) In the Shouguang vegetable industrial cluster, composite organizations play a greater role thanuniversities in the innovation cooperation network, for there’s only one university in Shouguang anduniversities outside Shouguang area only cooperate with leading enterprises and local governments.Therefore, the Shouguang vegetable industrial cluster’s need for knowledge is most commonly met byuniversities outside Shouguang area, while the local university provides personnel support for innovation.On the other hand, except for those professional cooperative organizations, current composite organizationsin Shouguang are mostly co-founded by universities outside Shouguang area and governments orenterprises inside the cluster, besides composite organizations are closer to the vegetable production fieldthus there’ll be more innovation resources.(3) The innovation of the Shouguang vegetable industrial cluster actually is an innovation modeldominated by leading enterprises. While studying the structure of the Shouguang vegetable industrialcluster’s innovation cooperation network, the paper finds out that enterprises’ indexes are universallysuperior to that of other innovation nodes in the innovation cooperation network. Moreover, the fieldresearch indicates that in the Shouguang vegetable industrial cluster, governments, universities andcomposite organizations all rely on leading enterprises. Through mutual cooperation with those threeparties, leading enterprises set up scientific research centers and construct national innovation bases to startbusiness in the planting industry. Therefore, leading enterprises play a dominate role in the innovation ofthe Shouguang vegetable industrial cluster. |
PDF Full Text Request