Research On The Pricing Strategies And Pricing Models Of Urban Rail Traffic

In recent years, urban traffic is becoming more and more crowded with the rapiddevelopment of the cities. This requires a suitable model of transportation which canrelieve the stress of the urban traffic. Urban rail transit is favored by people because ofits large capacity, no pollution and effectively alleviating the traffic congestion and manyother advantages. More and more large and medium-sized cities are planning and constructingurban rail transit, but many problems on pricing design of the urban rail transit still exist, sothere are positive and practical significances for the research of urban rail transit fare.This paper researches on the urban rail transit fare under the metered fare and one-wayticket system, puts forward the related pricing theories and models, summarizes thedifferent pricing strategies and gives some advices on the urban rail transit fare.First of all, this paper enumerates present situations of fare in several typical urban railtransits at home and abroad and expounds the domestic and foreign research status onurban rail transit pricing theories and pricing models. It analyses the pricing theories andpricing models on fare in urban rail transit, the pricing theories are mainly includingequilibrium price theory, the theory of the firm, the labor value theory, the shippingcharge theory and the pricing theory of price cap. And the pricing models mainly includingmarginal cost pricing model, ramsey pricing model and bi-level programming model. It putsforward the form of the urban rail transit fare system and systematically contrasts andanalyses the advantages and disadvantages of different vote systems.Secondly, in the metered fare, this paper carries on the analysis to the influencing factorsof the urban rail transit fare using the theories above and researches on the fare strategies ofmetered fare combined with the analysis of related investigation and data about urban railtransit. Here we select the Line one of Tianjin Metro as the study sample. Select threetypical stations of Line one of Tianjin Metro including Honghu station, Yingkou Roadstation, Shuanglin station to analyze its personal characteristics, travel characteristics ofpassenger and passengers’ purpose of trip and analyze their related links to the metered fare.In order to determine the flag-fall price, the station’s number about the ticket prices’increasing district and so on, finally selects the relatively optimal strategy of the metered fare.Finally, combined with the related data of the urban rail transit of Tianjin and the modelsof the urban rail transit in this paper above, we study the urban rail ticket pricing problemsbased on the Ramsey pricing model and the bi-level programming model and the specificexamples are given. Finally we get the single ticket’s value under different pricing models. Atthe same time, we analyze and summarize the pricing problems under differentpricing models and analyze their advantages and disadvantages.