| In recent years, with the continuous progress of human society, human activities have more deep, affect a wide range of global ecological environment, human society industrialization development also caused a series of ecological and environmental problems in the world, many developed countries in the aftermath of the environmental consequences, the domestic experts and scholars and the relevant department through continuous efforts, improve the social awareness of environmental protection, and effectively improve the environmental protection, the ecological environment restoration and improvement. China along with the deepening of reform and opening up, our party in the leading scientific, advanced, is to achieve the grand goal of building a moderately prosperous society, various undertakings have made gratifying achievements, economic output is ranked second in the world, but the rapid economic growth, more than ten years of continuous industrial production capacity is greatly improved, the as a consequence Chinese ecological environment problem increasingly serious, PM2.5, haze, dust, acid rain, soil salinization, desertification, environmental problems are becoming more and more nouns appear in life, these problems not only affect people’s production and life, and even endanger the life safety of people. Therefore, strengthening the construction of ecological civilization, the protection of the ecological environment has been a brook no delay problem. And the land is an important place to carry out production and life of human behavior, the main carrier is also the most ecological and environmental problems, therefore, scientific, standardized and orderly development of human activities on the land, is an important means for the protection of the ecological environment, the relationship between the two is based on, based on the ecological safety point of view, to carry out eco study on the functional division of safety assessment and land use, and promote the sound development of the ecological environment.In this paper, taking Chongqing city as an example of Zhongxian, Zhongxian is located in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River area, in the core area of Three Gorges reservoir, which belongs to the Chongqing five functional areas of development of ecological conservation area northeast of the county area, belong to new type of semi submerged in the County, the protection of the natural environment and human activities in fierce contradictory conflict, all kinds of natural disasters occurred frequently. This paper mainly uses the ecology, land planning, ecological planning, ecological red line, function division theory, theory of "negative planning" theory and other disciplines theory research methods, to the Zhongxian ecological security and land use regionalization research. According to the sensitivity, ecological environment of the Three Gorges reservoir itself exists serious environmental problems such as the actual situation, the use of ecological security evaluation model of multi index, to evaluate the ecological security of Zhongxian, comprehensive evaluation of ecological security of Zhongxian index, and land use zoning. The results are as follows:(1) As of 2013, Zhongxian county forest coverage rate reached 1006.02 hectares, the forest coverage rate reached 46%. The number of days of good air quality in Zhongxian for 344 days, the air quality can meet the second frequency reached 93.9%, city environmental infrastructure funds invested 93690000 yuan. Zhongxian’s sewage treatment capacity of 6222000 cubic meters, sewage treatment rate reached 87%, garbage harmless treatment rate reached 100%. Among the total 1203000 tons of industrial waste water, industrial wastewater discharge compliance rate of 95.7%, the discharge of industrial waste gas discharge 21000000000 cubic meters, industrial sulfur dioxide emissions 7100 tons,2100 tons of soot emissions. Zhongxian County nature reserve number 5, nature reserve area of 25000 hectares, the protected area accounts for 11.43% of the land area of Zhongxian County, the emission of COD in the sewage capacity of 5300 tons. Zhongxian city regional environmental noise average was 57.6 decibels, city road traffic noise of 64.4 dB, urban area of inhalable particulate matter in the daily average of 0.089 mg/cubic meter, drinking water quality compliance rate of 100%. Zhongxian industrial pollution and the average level is low, but the soil erosion, desertification and other ecological and environmental problems in a more sensitive.(2) Comprehensive evaluation of eco environmental sensitivity in Zhongxian, not the total area of sensitive area is 432.26km2, the total area of Zhongxian county land 19.80%. The sensitive area of 1725.80km2, the total area of Zhongxian county land 79.06%, which extremely sensitive area of 72.1 lkm2, the total area of Zhongxian county land 3.3%; highly sensitive area of 376.85km2, the total area of Zhongxian county land 17.26%, mainly distributed in the north central part of the Zhongxian area; ecological environment sensitivity shows the main County moderately sensitive, moderately sensitive area for 992.47km, the total land area of 45.47%, this is mainly due to the weight of soil erosion and rocky desertification factor. The area of slight sensitive area is 284.36km2, the total area of Zhongxian county land 13.03%. Because Zhongxian is located in the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River, the soil erosion and rock desertification is very serious, resulting in the county’s environmental sensitivity index is higher, due to human destruction, very prone to problems of ecological environment.(3) Evaluation of the service function of Zhongxian the importance of ecosystem, the total area of ecosystem service function is very important for 263.65km2, the total land area of 12.08%; the total area of highly important area is 367.36km2, the total land area of 16.83%, the total area of the secondary important area is 658.64km2, the total land area of 30.17%. The total area of important area is 541.96km2, the total land area of 24.83%, the total area is an important area for 326.45km2, the total land area of 14.96%. The ecosystem service function of the main distribution area in the middle and above, provide the function of ecosystem service within the county is in a higher level, should be strictly protected.(4)Land use zoning in time, according to the importance of ecosystem service function and sensitivity evaluation of the ecological environment as the foundation, Zhongxian ecological security risk index, and then according to the distribution of the risk index, divided into high risk, high risk, low risk, the risk and non risk in five areas, and on this basis, after considering the natural boundary, administrative boundary integrity, complete fusion of small patches, the county is divided into ecological red line areas, major grain producing areas, the ecological transition zone, the conditional construction area and construction area to allow. The area of ecological red line area is 271.06km2, the area for the protection of the ecological environment, ecological problems, plays an important role in strengthening the benign development of ecological environment in the area of the main grain producing areas; for 822.52km2, the area in the county wide distribution,the development of modern farming and modern agriculture, sightseeing agriculture and tourism agriculture, contribute to food security area, stable social and economic development in the region; area of ecological transition zone for the 861.72km2, mainly in order to alleviate and weaken the impact of human activity to the natural environment, the optimization of the ecological environment in this area, can effectively promote the healthy development of the ecological environment in the region as a whole; area construction area of 182.16km2, this area is mainly around the layout of central city, can increase the elastic index construction, promote the development of human society; allow the construction area is 20.77km2, the area is to better promote regional economic development, ensure the production life convenience to people, in compliance with environmental standards, can be the development and construction of high strength.The protection of the ecological environment of great significance, human activities cannot do without the development and utilization of land, and in the work of land use development, according to the priority of the principle of protecting the ecological environment, control the development of boundary, can promote the protection of the ecological environment effectively, promote the ecological environment in Zhongxian County, Three Gorges of the Yangtze River area, development of ecological conservation area northeast of Chongqing the improvement of social and economic development, also can better escort. |
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