Suitability Evaluation For Rural Residential Land Based On Variable Weights

Since China’s reform and opening-up policies were launched, the rapid socioeconomic development has greatly quickened the country’s urbanization process. The rising population has outstretched the city, at the same time, the city suffers from a shortage of building land, such a situation leading to a large number of rural land is converted to urban construction land. Rural land expropriation especially the farmland occupation is the chief problem for land resources development, production and food security. However, an government research suggests that Rural Residential land did not go down accordingly by Urbanization of Rural Population except the influence of Urban Traffic Construction Project or city Urbanization and so on. There are some problems, such as low utilization ratio of rural residential land and serious waste of rural land resources are widely existed in china’s rural areas. The lack of urban-rural overall planning lead to rural residential land irrational distribution and out-of-order development. In our country, land-supply shortage and land resource waste are both existed, so scientific land management for intensive land utilization of rural residential areas, merge messy and low suitability rural residential areas is needed urgently. Land consolidation and rehabilitation methods has been far riper for rural affairs. It’s benefit for increase arable land, develop village level economy, promote town development and found modern infrastructure and environmental conditions. The influence of China’s household registration system reform and pothook of City Construction land increase and rural residential land decrease promote the Spatial Layout Optimization and Intensive Land Use Patterns for Rural Settlement.Papers to the Chongqing Changshouhu town as the research object, with the support of spatial statistics theories and GIS technology, Calculate and analyze the present situation of the rural settlement layout characteristics, suitability grades to propose the migration direction of rural settlement, which need to merge, and optimizing distribution scheme, which could provide a preliminary reference for the consolidation of rural settlement and promote the farmers to live together. Here are the main contents and conclusions of this dissertation:(1) The analysis of distribution character on rural settlement of Changshouhu town. Per capital rural residential land use of Changshouhu town is more than Changshou city’s. Rural residential land use level is relatively high and finely scattered and disorderly distribution. Under this background, the study firstly on the statistical analysis of the patch size of the Rural residential land in Changshouhu town in 2012. Use the statistical histogram obtained the general feature that residents in rural areas are generally smaller scale. Use the spatial statistical analysis software, rural residential patches in the town as the object, Calculating the Averrage Nearest Neighbor and the Getis and Ord. The result shows that the scale of rural residential land are obvious diffenrences, the layout is collectively distributed which is lower collectively, that is to say, the smaller size of rural residential land is obvious accumulation. The results show that the West rural residents land scale are larger and the South are obvious collectively. The Southwest near the town and around the Changshouhu scenic spot are palpable collectively "Hot Spot". The second hot spot formed nearby the Xiangtang town and Huilong town. Eastern and southeastern adversely affected by the waters of Lake longevity, terrain and other natural environments formed a lower collectively "cold spot" area of smaller rural residents land. The patch size scale of rural residential land of the town mainly manifested as "west high, east low", which is accordant with the regional natural conditions, the population and the level of socio-economic development.(2)The current situation of rural settlement suitability evaluation. Based on the fuzzy compre-hensive assessment of local punishment model of variable weights, the suitability evaluation indexes of rural residential areas were established in this paper, include two factors of nature and ecology, society and economy, and finally get the suitability composite scores of Changshouhu town. According to the result of suitability assessment, the study area was divided into four types:highly suitable land, medium suitable land, margin unsuitable land and unsuitable land. The area of each type respectively is 61.38%,27.81%,9.83% and 0.98%.(3)The scheme of layout and adjustment scheme on rural settlement. Based on rural residential land suitability grades and it’s distribution characteristics, four kinds of typical patterns of the current rural settlements reconstruction are come up: urbanization-style, ordinary extension-style, remain-style, remove-style. The area of each type respectively is 91.31hm2,299.39 hm2,157.48 hm2 and 103.16 hm2。At the same time, the size of the rural settlements is considered. Low spatial influences rural settlements also designated as remove-style. The rural settlement which has the highest spatial influences in each community is designated as the center of it’s voronoi diagram. Considering of the rationality in spatial division with voronoi diagram, an analysis in the spatial influences of the center rural settlement was given. The results accord with local conditions, offered four kinds of rural residential land optimization plan:local urbanization, ordinary development, restricted expansion and migration.At last this paper intends to show the map results of Changshouhu town distribution optimization. The analysis of the type of rural residential land, will provide an useful reference for rural residential land spatial adjustment in practice.