Study On The Tourism Efficiency Of Coastal Cities Based On The Theory Of Green Growth

Tourism industry is an important part of our national economy, which promotes the development of tertiary industry and the whole national economy. However, many tourism cities and corporations are conducting extensive development for short-term benefit, which leads to the tourism resources’ unreasonable use. Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) adopted a study on green growth strategy in 2012, which can coordinate economic development with environment protecting. At present, international communities has treated "Green Growth" as an important topic to solve environmental risks and to achieve social sustainable development. The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), OECD, Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) has launched a green growth declaration as a priority issue; South Korea, Britain, Germany and many other countries have proposed their own strategic objectives based on the framework of Green Growth. Therefore, establishing and perfecting the theory and methods in this field has important theoretical and practical significance.High efficiency is the most necessary prerequisite to achieve high quality of tourism development in the critical period of tourism transformation. At present, the city has become the center of tourist service system in our country. Urban tourism is becoming the main part of tourism activities, so urban tourism efficiency evaluation will help the tourism industry optimization and enhance the efficiency effectively to ensure the sustainable development of tourism industry, which is an important issue to be researched of developing countries’ tourism industry nowadays.Today, ecological tourism is more and more popular. Coastal cities are showing the exuberant vitality and are preferred destinations for tourists. However, tourists have gradually realized tourism industry which is regarded as the "smokeless industry" has brought huge profits to the city economy, as well as the destruction of the ecological environment. Coastal cities tourism development should take ecological environment into account, and coordinate the tourism industry and ecological balance.Therefore, based on the Major Program of National Natural Science Foundation-"The International Comparative Study of Green Growth Theory and Practice"(NO.71320107006) this paper has integrated the green growth concept into city tourism industry and selected indicators based on the theory of green growth to construct the evaluation system in order to measure coastal cities’tourism efficiency. Then this paper selects 15 domestic coastal cities as the research object for empirical research with DEA model. Conducting vertical and horizontal, static and dynamic evaluation of tourism efficiency to provide reference for the domestic coastal cities tourism industry optimization.First of all, this paper defines green growth, urban tourism, urban tourism efficiency, coastal city and related concepts. Based on the concepts, the paper summarizes theory foundation and the review of the relevant research both at home and abroad.Secondly, based on the combination of the green growth concept and urban tourism industries’features, this paper selects new indicators which can symbolize tourism green development and establishes the coastal cities tourism efficiency evaluation system based on the theory of green growth to ensure that the evaluation system is applicable and authoritative.In addition, this paper takes 15 domestic coastal cities as an example and measures their tourism efficiencies based on the panel data from 2006 to 2012 with DEA model. And the paper decomposes the tourism technical efficiency into pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency. What’s more, the paper analyzes the tourism total factor productivity and summarizes the trends among 7 years.At last, according to the results,6 cities is effective due to the appropriate inputs of resources among the 15 costal cities. The tourism technical efficiency is 0.875, indicating that 12.5% of the domestic tourism industry investment is wasted every year. Therefore, the supervisors should have a reasonable planning of tourism resources investment. The tourism total factor productivity increased 8.7% every year in dynamic analysis. Advances in technology increased 6.8% every year, which have caused a critical impact on the total factor productivity. According to the scale efficiency and pure technical efficiency level, this paper classifies these 15 cities into four different types and puts forward a series of optimization strategies for coastal cities’tourism green development.