Research On Scale Operation Of Rural Land

This paper is based on the review of domestic and foreign general situation of the research on farmland scale operation and the basic theory of agricultural scale operation. First of all, the paper analyzes the current situation of rural land operation and the necessity of the development of scale operation; secondly, the paper analyzes the inner relationship from the transfer of agricultural labor, land circulation, agricultural mechanization level, the operators′ ability and investment levels and so on; thirdly, the paper analyzes the characteristics, advantages, disadvantages and adaptability of the farmland scale operation mode included by family farms, land cooperatives and agricultural enterprises; using DEA model to analyze the survey data in Shandong province, demonstrates the efficiency and suitability of agricultural scale operation; finally, the paper puts forward to the policy suggestions to promote the development of the farmland scale operation healthily. The main research conclusions are as follows:The development of farmland scale operation can realize the agricultural modernization, improve the quality of agricultural products and realize the effective combination between the agricultural production and agricultural product market.At present, the farmland operation scale is too narrow. The farmland is divided into small pieces. The farmland scale operation is still in its preliminary stage of development.To achieve the main conditions of farmland scale operation is the agricultural labor force transfer, the stability of land circulation, to improve the level of agricultural mechanization and agricultural operators′ ability and investment. The agricultural labor force transfer provides the prerequisite; land circulation provides institutional basis; agricultural mechanization provides the material and technical means; the agricultural talent provides talent guarantee. At present, the main conditions of farmland scale operation included of the agricultural labor force transfer, land circulation, agricultural mechanization and agricultural operators′ ability and investment are gradually formed in our country. the business development scale of land transfer, land transfer of agricultural labor force in our country, the level of agricultural mechanization and agricultural operators to and investment capacity conditions are gradually formed, so the farmland scale operation can begin to develop steadily, but because conditions′ development level is not high, it cannot be too fast in order to succeed.Current farmland scale operation mode in our country mainly has: the family farm, land cooperatives, agricultural enterprises and so on. The family farms gather land to farming experts. It becomes increased significantly in the economic benefit and farmer household income. Land cooperatives gather the land for unified planning and operation. Under the premise of not changing the farm′ contracts, it realizes the large-scale production. Agricultural enterprises employ local farmers to engage in agricultural production in modern agricultural technology and production means. It not only brings the ideal earnings for enterprises, but also brings stable land rent. Farmers can earn income for working in the enterprises. The new farmland scale operation mode of the family farms, land cooperatives and agricultural enterprises are playing an important role in the constant development.The paper analyzes the family farm in Shandong in the way of Data Envelopment Analysis. It concludes that:(1)Farmers planted less than 10 mu of land obtain lower input and output; with the continuous expansion of the farmland scale, the family farms input more direct investment and indirect investment and the labor input was first increased and then decreased.(2) From the point of production, along with the continuous expansion of farmland the farmers’ total output, total benefits, net benefits continue to expand and showed a rising trend, especially large planting more than 50 mu of revenue improved significantly.(3) In the point of farmland scale efficiency, farmland scale efficiency, pure technical efficiency and the overall size efficiency are in relatively lower level under 10 mu farmland; Farmland scale efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency achieve the optimal overall size range is 10-14 mu, 50-70 mu and 70-110 mu.(4) It includes that optimal size range of the family farm in Shandong is 50-70 mu by further analyzing in unit area yield, unit labor cost and profit rate of return. This range can realize reasonable proportion of production elements and the best comprehensive management effect.Main measures to promote the healthy development of the farmland scale operation are: to open the system of channels, to improve the security system, to realize the urbanization of farmers gradually; to establish the platform of land circulation trading, to speed up the construction of land circulation system; to foster efficient operational service organizations, to establish and improve the social service system; to improve the quality of the agricultural workers, to cultivate the new era of professional farmers; to increase the support of all kinds of farmland scale operation in the area of fiscal policy, tax policy, credit policy and insurance policy.