Infrastructure, Regional Heterogeneity And The Gap Between Urban And Rural Areas

Since the reform and opening up, the economic development of our country has always been taking economic construction as the center, adhere to the basic principle of efficiency first. However, due to excessive attention to economic efficiency and ignore the social justice, as a direct result of the economy development along with the widening gap between the urban and rural areas at the same time, main show the income gap and the consumption gap between urban and rural areas is gradually widening, eventually becoming the key factors of hindering China’s social stability and economic coordinated development for a long time. Referring to previous theoretical research results, we found that the infrastructure gap between urban and rural areas plays an important role on the formation of the gap between urban and rural areas, but lack of validation with the corresponding experimental data. Therefore, this article adopts the empirical study method to analyze the infrastructure gap between urban and rural areas to the explanation of the gap between urban and rural areas, choosing traffic, network and communication, education, health care four types of infrastructure gap between urban and rural areas to represent the infrastructure gap between urban and rural areas of our country, adopting the measure of fixed effects and random effects with 2006-2012 panel data of 30 provinces and municipalities separately carried on the national level and three points in the east, middle and west area of empirical study, striving for a breakthrough on the basis of previous studies.According to the result of empirical study, in addition to the factors of the level of economic development, financial development level, the children’s dependency ratio differences between urban and rural areas all play an important role in the formation process of the gap between urban and rural areas, the four types of infrastructure gap between urban and rural areas can explain more the formation cause of the gap between urban and rural areas, but the different kinds of infrastructure gap between urban and rural areas’ influence degree to the gap between urban and rural areas is not consistent, and there still exist significant regional heterogeneity between the eastern, central and western regions.From the national level, the narrow of the transportation and education infrastructure gap between the urban and rural areas makes the income and consumption gap between urban and rural areas expanded with "spillover effect", and the influence of the education infrastructure gap between urban and rural is the most prominent; and the network communication and medical and health care infrastructure gap between urban and rural areas’ influence of the income and consumption gap between urban and rural areas are characterized by positive effect, namely, the narrowing of the network communications infrastructure and medical and health care infrastructure gap between urban and rural areas both help to narrow the gap between the income and consumption gap between urban and rural areas.Seen from the points area, the eastern region is the most developed economy, the influence of the four types of infrastructure gap between urban and rural areas on the income gap and the consumption gap between urban and rural areas is consistent with the national level. The four types of infrastructure gap between urban and rural areas in central China’s influence on the income gap between urban and rural areas were negative, and the impact on consumption gap between urban and rural areas is the same as the national level. The influence of the western region is relatively more complicated. Therefore, in order to narrow the gap between urban and rural, and balancing urban and rural development, our government should adjust measures to local conditions, on the one hand to continue increasing infrastructure investment to the countryside, on the other hand should formulate corresponding policies and measures to make full release of the infrastructure’s economic effect.