A Meta-Analysis Of Domestic Researches About Emotional Labor And Emotional Exhaustion

In recent years, a large number of theory and empirical researches have been made around emotional labor in China. They get great achievements. Among them, the key concern is the relationship between emotional labor and emotional exhaustion. The earliest researches focus on the direct effect of them, and some moderators are discovered later, which influence the strength or direction of their relationship. Lots of empirical studies between the two have accumulated until now. However, there are significant inconsistencies. For example, some think it is a positive correlation, some think it is a negative correlation, and some others point out there is no significant correlation between emotional labor and emotional exhaustion. It has not come to an agreement yet. Samples used in the empirical studies on the differences of sex ratio, the construction of theoretical model may affect the relationship between emotional labor and emotional exhaustion.To clarify and compare the existing research results on the relationship of emotional labor and emotional exhaustion, on the basis of literature review about emotional labor and emotional exhaustion, this paper builds a research model. Based on the existing domestic 37 independent empirical analysis samples, it calculates the average correlation degree between different dimensions of emotional labor and emotional exhaustion scientifically with the method of meta-analysis.In addition, we also discuss the influence of the sample characteristics, the source of papers and model structure to their relationship. Meta-analysis results show that the two dimensions of emotional labor have significant correlation with emotional exhaustion. Positive attach exists between the surface acting and emotional exhaustion (r=0.220, p<0.001), while the deep acting has a significant negative effect on emotional exhaustion (r=0.195, p<0.001). The male proportion in samples moderates the association of surface acting as well as deep acting and emotional exhaustion, which explains partly the different results among the existing empirical researches.This paper is mainly divided into the following six parts:The first part is the introduction.It tells the background,the research significance, the main contents and the structure of this paper.The second part is literature review.This section details the concept of emotional labor and emotional exhaustion, dimensions, antecedent and consequence variables.The third part is theoretical analysis and research hypotheses. On the basis of literature review about the relationship between emotional labor and emotional exhaustion, different results between two dimensions of emotional labor and emotional exhaustion are showed. Then we consider there may be some moderate variables, such as literature source, the male proportion in samples and the absence of moderate variables, which influence the relationship between emotional labor and emotional exhaustion.The fourth part is the research design and methods. This part describes data collection and processing work. Make sure that the data is reliability and authenticity. Then we make a brief introduction to research methods and tools, including the meanings of many key indicators.The fifth part reports the meta-analysis results. Using CMA2.0 software to analyze the data, it concludes the influence between two dimensions of emotional labor and emotional exhaustion. After adding relevant moderates, we explore whether the relationship has significant difference.The sixth part gets the research conclusions, some management recommendations and research prospects. According to the results of meta-analysis, we get a general conclusion about the relationship between emotional labor and emotional exhaustion, and put forward some management suggestions. Finally we point out the research limitations in this paper and outlook for future research.