The Study Of The Effecting Mechanism About Southwest Minority Nationality Area’s Urban-Scenic Process On Urban Village Reconstruction

Since the 21st century, countries around the world, including China, have played more attention to the urban development, and the city has gradually become as an engine to promote economic and social development. After the global economy stepping into the post-industrial era, the urban comprehensive strength is increasing constantly, the urban environment has been improved effectively, the urban infrastructure construction is being improved constantly, and at the same time, the function of the city’s tourism is being enhanced. After popularizing the traditional sightseeing tourism, people’s tourist destination selection has become diversified, and the urban has become an attractive tourist destination. The urban is as a carrier for domestic tourism market in the tourism activities and tourism product sales, etc. The city campaigns which are about the National famous historical and cultural city and tourist city make the city gradually become the "front desk "of tourism development from the "behind the scenes". As a new urbanization model based on scenic spot and urban development, the urban-scenic process comes into being.Compared with the eastern region, the economic and social development of the southwest border of the Southwest minority nationality area (Yunnan Guizhou Guangxi) is slow. But it has special scenery and the beautiful scenery of mountains and rivers, and with a large number of urban existing national landscape of "the urban is the scenery, the scenery is the urban, the scenery blend with the urban", the urban-scenic process has unique characteristics and advantages function on the urban village renovation. South minority nationality area’s urban-scenic process relay on a steady rise in the national regions tourism income and the scenic area number, and it appears the phenomenon that the driving force of the urban-scenic process is obvious and the proportion of the urban-scenic process is constant rising. But, at the same time, it will face with the problems which the dependence on nature is too strong, the bearing capacity of urban tourism is limited, the homogeneity of scenic is so high, the competitiveness and expand capacity are deficient.In middle and later 1990s, as the urban of our country developing rapidly, the level that the urban sprawl and the suburban urbanization are promoted constantly, and the land of urban fringe is requisitioned as the land for urban development. In order to avoid the high development cost of resettling villagers and land compensation, the government often selects the development model of avoiding the villages, and the urbanization has been scattered around the urban. In the times of transforming the mode of economic development and adapting to the new normal, speeding up urban village reconstruction has vital significance. At more than 30 years of reform and opening up in Southwest minority nationality area, the urban develops rapidly, and just like the regions of other counties, it appears a large number of urbanizations. In order to adapt to the demand of urban development in new era, we should speed up the urban village reconstruction and realize the integration development of urban and rural. All levels of the government in Southwest minority nationality area attach great importance to urban village reconstruction, and while striving to achieve the goal of reconstruction of urbanization, they try to guarantee work and life of the residents who lives in the area of urbanization. However, it will face with those problems which the residents become "population urbanization", how to protect the urban environmental, the unstable is caused by the huge gap between rich and poor, how to settle the employment and entrepreneurship of the land-lost farmers and where the high compensation goes to.According to the basic situation of urban-scenic process and urbanization transformation in Southwest minority nationality area, through putting forward the research hypothesis, and then explore the effect of Southwest minority nationality area’s urban-scenic process on urban village reconstruction by the ways of empirical, and it is also a feature of this study. The testing results of which Structural Equation Model acts on the study’s hypothesis show that there are five paths about the mechanism of Southwest minority nationality area’s urban-scenic process action on urban village reconstruction. Respectively is:urban-scenic process→urban development→residents’ intention→ urban village reconstruction; urban-scenic process→ urban development → urban village reconstruction; urban-scenic process → urban bearing capacity→esidents’intention→rban village reconstruction; urban-scenic process→rban bearing capacity→rban village reconstruction; urban-scenic process→rban tourist areas → residents’ intention→ urban village reconstruction. The further analysis found that urban-scenic process has on direct function on urban village reconstruction, but it has indirect function on urban village reconstruction by urban development, the urban bearing capacity, the urban tourist areas and the residents’intention. Among them, after effected on urban development and urban bearing capacity by the urban-scenic process, it can act on urban village reconstruction indirectly or directly though the residents’intention. However, after impacted on the urban tourist areas by the urban-scenic process, the urban tourist areas only operate on urban village reconstruction indirectly.Therefore, it can promote the positive functions which urban-scenic process to urban village reconstruction from the Micro-, Meso-and Macro-levels. At Micro-level, it can improve from the five aspects that the urban-scenic process, the urban development, the urban bearing capacity, the urban tourist areas and the residents’intention. At the Meso-level, it can optimize the development from three angles that the coordinated development of regionals; the circulation characteristics development and the competition development. At the Macro-level, it should be from the three strategic height that the new urbanization development of the national; tourism development and the new mode construction of urban and rural. Only combined with the functions of the three levels, can play a positive role in the urban village reconstruction, avoiding the negative function, promote the urban-scenic process of the Southwest minority nationality area, and make urban village reconstruction develop smoothly.