Research On Cultivation Of Professional Farmers In Xianyang City

Rural To respond positively to the call of the central and provincial authorities, XianyangCity formulated policies, vigorously promoted the cultivation of professional farmerssmoothly and committed to the completion of training projects for cultivating professionalfarmers since2012. However, on one hand, the the current level of quality of farmers severelyrestricts the progress of projects related with cultivating professional farmers; on the otherhand, the rapid development of economy in Xianyang City, the rapid development of ruralurbanization, and a sharp decline in the number of people engaged in agriculture, especially inthe total number of young farmers with high quality rapidly reduced, make the problem moreand more serious that the demand for highly qualified personnel for agriculture industry is notmet. Furthermore, the practice of professional farm cultivation is of short history in XianyangCity, which actually is also the common fact in China. And this process still has manyproblems and difficulties, such as that the total number of professional farmers is not large,the technical education in rural areas is out of date, the ongoing training does not meet theneeds of farmers, as well as the farmers’ professional team building and other supportingactions are imperfect. Thus it is needed to explore and establish a professional farmercultivation system which is fit for Xianyang City.Based on the guidance of the theory of labor theory of value and comprehensive humandevelopment theory proposed by Carl Max and also the ideology and theory for cultivatingfarmers by the Chinese Communist Party, this paper address the problems related with thecultivation of professional farmers in Xianyang City. By means including meetings andinterviews of rural officers, some people with higher economical skills and ideas,representatives of common people and experts, making questionnaires to them, a thoroughinvestigation of Xianyang City which covers villages and towns across the13counties inXianyang. In this paper, the definitions of traditional farmers and the new farmers are clarifiedin a scientific manner. The current situation in Xianyang City is well captured. Suggestionsand solutions for solving the current problems have been proposed. The main conclusions ofthis study are as follows.(1) The traditional farmers are defined as groups of people that they have been classified asbeing agriculture identities, and with some agricultural land resources, they are full-time engaged in small-scale agricultural production and are self-sustained. The occupation farmersare defined as: people with the following5features: they are engaging in agriculturalproduction and management as a profession; they are access to a certain amount of resourceand information; they have certain professional skills; they have the ability to invest somemoney; their revenue comes mainly from agriculture.(2) Professional farmer cultivation process in Xianyang City has achieved some progress,but the overall quality of farmers, including the cultural quality, technical quality,management quality, moral factors, and the quality of physical fitness are relatively low. Thecurrent situation of quality of farmers has an important influence on conducting follow-upwork for cultivating professional farmers.(3) There four major problems in professional farmer cultivation process in XianyangCity: the total amount of professional farmers is small, the technical education forprofessionals in rural areas is out of date; the ongoing training does not meet the needs offarmers; the farmers’ professional team building and other supporting practice is not welldeveloped. These problems are mainly caused by the following five aspect: the idea, thinkingand understanding is not fit the situation, the professional education institutions for farmersare of limited size and numbers; the cost of training is high while the investment is notenough; the lack of unified planning and operational mechanism; the feedback mechanismsare inadequate as well as research on related theory is weak.(4) Five solutions are proposed in this paper to further improve the professional farmertraining system in Xianyang City, i.e. renew ideas, enhance training, innovate mechanisms,improve the environment as well as learn from experiences of domestic and abroad.