The Empowerment Route Of Fenghuang Ancient City’s Community Participate In Tourism Development In Hunan Province

Although community participation theory is considered to be an effective way to realize sustainable development of tourism, its dilemma in theory and practice are highlighted the deficiency of the theory, which failed to realise that community participation is the essence of the distribution of power relations, is a political process, only thought the community participation as a kind of economic or technical process. Therefore, the empowerment theory which emphatically analysis the relations of power was introduced into tourism development, and is considered to be the important premise to realize the sustainable development of tourism.Tourism empowerment theory was introduced into China since2008, the study of history is not long in our country, the goal is to promote the reform of related systems, safeguard tourism destination community residents’legal rights and provide adequate theoretical basis to gain more interest in the development of local tourism. But there is necessity of localization process when combine the theory which produced under the background of western political culture with the reality of our country’s exists, what we should consider first is how to play the role of the theory maximum in the process of practical application. Based on xiangxi phoenix ancient city, this paper discussed the application of tourism empowerment in scenic spot in our country. The main contents and results are as follows:First of all, discussed the development history from the theory of community participation into the theory of tourism empowerment, points out that tourism empowerment involve the nature level of stakeholders’distribution of power relations that, is the necessary means to realize the sustainable development of tourism.Second, reviewing the existing research about tourism empowerment at home and abroad, defining related core concepts and theories, providing theoretical framework for empirical analysis.Third,based on empowerment, comprehensive analysis of all kinds of present power status about the ancient city community participation in tourism development in our country, concluded that the current situation of the community residents is powerlessness.Fourth, the combination of the phoenix ancient city for empirical analysis. Concluded the basic characteristics of the local community participation,based on the study of current development situation about community participation in tourism of phoenix ancient city, and through the analysis of the power game relation between the main stakeholders, get the current situation of community’s right distribution of phoenix ancient city, points out that although the degree of community participation in more and more high, but there are still a high degree of community powerlessness. empowering for the community residents is very necessary.Finally, combining with the case local characteristics and the situation of our country, to realise community residents’ empowerment depend on four approachs:the economy, politics, society, psychology, which is put forward by Scheyvens. three ways: from the system, information and education implementation increases the power of community residents. And afford feasible measure to realize community empowerment from four aspect:community residents, the local government, foreign investment, tourism enterprises.This paper aims to offer some feasible measure to realize community empowerment for the ancient city of tourist attractions, which is on the key stage of local tourism development, through deep research in tourism empowerment; of tourism increases the power, for in the tourism development of in realizing community increases the power to provide some feasible countermeasures, strengthen the power of the local tourism development "voice", increase the degree of participation in the local tourism development planning, incarnate tourism destination host status, get more tourism economic benefits, realize community residents in the process of tourism development in political, economic, psychological and social all aspects of empowerment.