| The Melamine incident exposed the shortcomings of Chinese industrial organizationmode: backyard&milk Station&dairy firm. On the one hand, while backyard model canmake full use of the surplus labor force in the family, low cost in breeding, good benefits,scattered small peasant can not only unable to improve their farming technology, but alsounable to effectively control the quality of fresh milk, which eliminated inevitably. On theother hand, the beggar-thy-neighbour competition behavior among dairy farmers, milkstation and dairy firm leading to the prevalence of opportunistic，which is not conducive toensure the quality of milk, and also increases the periodic fluctuation of dairy farming. Sincethe Milk Rectifying and Revitalization Planning Outline released, Chinese chose to regarddairy enterprises as the core, and dairy enterprise&milk Ranch as the direction ofdevelopment. In this guide, breeding area, scale ranch which was transfered from breedingarea, and modern ranch with a high starting point rapid develop in promoting variouspreferential policies, large-scale farming proportion increased year by year in China. Atpresent, the scale farming mode that Chinese are pushing, breeding area accounted for ahigher proportion, in addition, the family ranch, scale ranch, large scale modern ranchrespectively occupy a space for one person. Breeding pattern of different, related to thefuture problem how and who to raise cattle. Then, considering the quality control andenvironmental impact, what kind of breeding mode is in higher efficiency? The answer tothis question is related to the future development of dairy cattle breeding and the wholedirection of dairy industry in China.Scholars generally analysis the advantages and disadvantages of different breedingmodes from the introduction of technology, labor measurement and supervision difficulty,prodution increasing, food safety, environmental protection and other aspects. However,the existing analysis is based on the observation of perceptual knowledge based onexperience, which were limited to simple explanation based on economic principles, rarelysee the theoretical analysis of the system and Empirical Study that based on the survey data.A lot of research on the understanding of productivity is too one-sided, which only used themilk output to conduct a simple comparison. The agricultural production in the common productivity (i.e. integrated into the land, labor, machinery, fuel and other inputsproductivity) concept is neglected. At the same time, the measures of output is generallylimited to the simple compare with cows yield, ignoring the product quality and safety, theimpact of production mode on the environment and other dimensions. At present, foreignscholars explore the differences of quantitative analysis method of Germany, New Zealand,Turkey, Sweden and other countries in different breeding patterns of production efficiency byusing measurement, such as DEA and stochastic frontier production function which ismaturer methods, but the domestic has less literature of quantitative research on productionefficiency of different dairy farming mode.The research are conducted on the above issues, and the main contents and results are asfollows:The first part described the purpose and significance of the research, as well as thebackground of the selected topic, summarized literatures on the study of breeding efficiencyin the domestic and foreign, simply introduced the economic efficiency theory related andscale economy theory as well as the basic concepts involved, this part included the firstchapter and the second chapter, which is the foundation of the full text of the study.The second part introduced the background and current situations, including theevolution of Chinese dairy farming mode, dairy industry policy and quality andenvironmental control. Those contents was comprehensively analysed in the third chapter.The third part is the core of this paper (Chapter fourth). In this part, based on the dataobtained in investigate and survey, the research took the quality and environmental factorsinto consideration, and then carried on the empirical analysis on three kinds of scale breedingpatterns in China, breeding area, the family ranch, scale ranch. First of all, we designed andbuilt a efficiency evaluation system in Chinese dairy farming which considered the qualityandenvironmental factors, and then separatly analysed the sustainable development ability inChinese dairy cow breeding from the following five aspects, the traditional productionefficiency, quality production efficiency， environmental production efficiency andcomprehensive production efficiency, which provided evidence for policy recommendations. The study found that, taking the quality and environmental factors into the evaluationsystem of dairy farming model efficiency, technical efficiency and its decomposition of puretechnical efficiency and scale efficiency of the family ranch reached DEA effectively, namelythe family ranch model is the best choice.The fourth part based on the above empirical results of the analysis put forward somepolicy recommendations on the sustainable development in Chinese milk cow aquaculture,namely the government should make100-200heads of the family ranch became thebackbone force of cow breeding (Chapter fifth), aiming to achieve and promote the healthydevelopment of dairy industry, the overall goal of milk quality and safety protection,ecological improvement and environmental protection, disease prevention, improve breedingefficiency, increase the employment and income of farmers. |
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