Research On The Reverse Knowledge Spillover Process Of High-Tech Enterprises Based On Abroad-Embedded

High technology industry based on new and high techno logies has a large number of knowledge-intensive and technology-intensive enterprises, which can bring higher economic and social benefits over the average level with the success of the core product or technology. In recent years, our country want to develop the technology and relevant policies are coming one after another, such as Law of Science and Technology Process, Science and Technology Development Plan, which build a good policy environment for the development of high technology enterprise. High technology enterprise undergoes two stages in our country:the military industry accumulation phase and the technology and promotion stages after the reform and opening-up policy. Especially since the reform and opening up, high-tech enterprises with foreign technology got certain development in our country. But because of the foreign capital enterprise has to keep competitive advantage, it often keeps secret to the core technology, which leads to little knowledge spillover. In such case, a part of capable high-tech enterprises go abroad, participating in the competition of the international market, embedded in overseas networks to get knowledge spillover.This article study the behavior of high-tech enterprise embed in overseas network to get knowledge spillover, and put forward a research proposition of the process of abroad-embedded and the reverse knowledge spillover on high-tech enterprise. This article uses multi-case analysis with three case of high-tech enterprises. Regarding the restriction of Chinese enterprise, the author put in a foreign case to make the research of this paper more objective and complete. After sourcing and carding of relevant literatures, the author established a preliminary theoretical framework and built the abroad-embedded and reverse knowledge spillover process model of high-tech enterprise. Secondly, make a deep analysis of three typical enterprises, extract the periodic enterprise behavior characteristics. Thirdly, through the case study, verify and correct the theoretical model, then verify the synchronization and coupling of enterprises’abroad-embedded process and reverse knowledge spillover process, as well as the inter-influence of the two processes. Finally, analyzes the technology life cycle, and explore the association between abroad-embedded process and knowledge spillover process with life cycle.Through the research, this paper get following conclusions:(1) the high technology enterprise abroad-embedded process can be divided into four stages: initial stage, early stage, middle stage, and final stage; reverse knowledge spillover process can also be divided into four stage:knowledge acquisition, knowledge absorption and digestion, knowledge transformation, knowledge application and innovation;(2)In the abroad-embedded process, overseas relational network appears as local social network to international business network then to global strategy network;(3) the effect of abroad-embedded on overseas knowledge spillover is dialectical;(4)through overseas embedded reverse knowledge spillover will not necessarily succeed, this paper summarizes the embedded failure of two periods:one is at the early stage, enterprise accumulate knowledge by copying and imitation, mainly through export and OEM. Enterprise will be locked in low-end technology link because of multinational technology blockade, knowledge protection and immature of operator’s mental thoughts and unable to form independent innovation ability. Another is at middle-late stage, enterprise has to build R&D institutions, acquire overseas companies, but with the intervention of host government, lack of support from own government and lack of overseas cooperation experience, enterprise cannot acquire successfully.(5) theorizes life cycle theory of knowledge spillover, use the patent number of every company to reflect the degree of knowledge spillover, find that time distribution is inverted U-shape, so the author divide the life cycle of knowledge spillovers into gestation period, growth stags, blowout stage and attenuation stage.(6) summed up the theory of fast track on the process of techno logy imitation:high-tech enterprises will have rapid improvement through the introduction, digestion, absorption and innovation of mature technologyThis study selected three typical representative of the high-tech enterprises as research samples, which is also the representative of rooted industry and global knowledge resource integration. This research enriched categories of the study of the knowledge spillovers, at the same time, it can provide meaningful reference to the high technology enterprise when they embed in overseas network to get knowledge spillover.